वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-88, verse-3

प्रत्ययो हि पुरा दत्तो वैदेह्या सुरसंनिधौ ।
सेयं लोकभयाद्ब्रह्मन्नपापेत्यभिजानता ।
परित्यक्ता मया सीता तद्भवान् क्षन्तुमर्हति ॥३॥

3. pratyayo hi purā datto vaidehyā surasaṃnidhau ,
seyaṃ lokabhayādbrahmannapāpetyabhijānatā ,
parityaktā mayā sītā tadbhavān kṣantumarhati.

3. pratyayaḥ hi purā dattaḥ vaidehyā
surasaṃnidhau sā iyam lokabhayāt
brahman apāpā iti abhijānatā parityaktā
mayā sītā tat bhavān kṣantum arhati

3. hi purā vaidehyā surasaṃnidhau
pratyayaḥ dattaḥ sā iyam apāpā iti
abhijānatā lokabhayāt mayā sītā
parityaktā tat bhavān kṣantum arhati

3. Indeed, a guarantee was given by Sītā (daughter of Videha) before, in the presence of the gods. O Brahmin, knowing her to be innocent (apāpā), I abandoned her, Sītā, out of fear of public opinion. Therefore, you ought to forgive me.

Words meanings summery:

• प्रत्ययः (pratyayaḥ) - an assurance (of purity) (assurance, guarantee, conviction)

• हि (hi) - indeed, certainly

• पुरा (purā) - previously (at the fire ordeal) (formerly, previously, in ancient times)

• दत्तः (dattaḥ) - given, granted

• वैदेह्या (vaidehyā) - by Sītā (by the daughter of Videha (Sītā))

• सुरसंनिधौ (surasaṁnidhau) - in the presence of gods

• सा (sā) - this (Sītā) (she)

• इयम् (iyam) - this (Sītā, who is present) (this (feminine))

• लोकभयात् (lokabhayāt) - from fear of the people/public opinion

• ब्रह्मन् (brahman) - O Vālmīki, a Brahmin (O Brahmin)

• अपापा (apāpā) - (Sītā) innocent (innocent, sinless)

• इति (iti) - indicating that 'apāpā' is Rāma's thought/knowledge (thus, so saying, indicating)

• अभिजानता (abhijānatā) - by me (Rāma), knowing (her purity) (by one who knows, by me knowing)

• परित्यक्ता (parityaktā) - abandoned, forsaken

• मया (mayā) - by me (Rāma) (by me)

• सीता (sītā) - Sītā

• तत् (tat) - therefore (as a consequence) (therefore, so, that)

• भवान् (bhavān) - you (Vālmīki), respectfully (your honor, you)

• क्षन्तुम् (kṣantum) - to forgive, to pardon

• अर्हति (arhati) - ought, deserves, is able

Words meanings and morphology

प्रत्ययः (pratyayaḥ) - an assurance (of purity) (assurance, guarantee, conviction)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pratyaya

pratyaya - belief, trust, conviction, faith, notion, assurance, guarantee

From prati + √i (to go), literally 'that which goes back to'

Prefix: prati

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Subject of the sentence (implied 'was').

हि (hi) - indeed, certainly

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes the statement.

पुरा (purā) - previously (at the fire ordeal) (formerly, previously, in ancient times)

(indeclinable)

Note: Refers to the fire ordeal (agni parīkṣā) where Sītā proved her purity.

दत्तः (dattaḥ) - given, granted

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of datta

datta - given, granted, offered, bestowed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √dā (to give), past passive participle

Root: dā (class 3)

वैदेह्या (vaidehyā) - by Sītā (by the daughter of Videha (Sītā))

(proper noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of vaidehī

vaidehī - daughter of Videha, Sītā

Derived from Videha (name of a kingdom/king), referring to Sītā

Note: Refers to Sītā.

सुरसंनिधौ (surasaṁnidhau) - in the presence of gods

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of surasaṃnidhi

surasaṁnidhi - presence of gods, assembly of gods

Tatpuruṣa compound: sura (god) + saṃnidhi (presence, proximity)

Compound type : tatpurusha (sura+saṃnidhi)

• sura – god, deity
  noun (masculine)
• saṃnidhi – presence, proximity, vicinity
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Refers to the assembly of gods present during Sītā's ordeal.

सा (sā) - this (Sītā) (she)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, he, it

Note: Refers to Sītā.

इयम् (iyam) - this (Sītā, who is present) (this (feminine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Refers to Sītā, indicating her presence.

लोकभयात् (lokabhayāt) - from fear of the people/public opinion

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of lokabhaya

lokabhaya - fear of the world, fear of public opinion

Tatpuruṣa compound: loka (people, world) + bhaya (fear)

Compound type : tatpurusha (loka+bhaya)

• loka – world, people, public
  noun (masculine)
• bhaya – fear, dread
  noun (neuter)
  Root: bhī (class 3)

Note: Indicates the reason for abandoning Sītā.

ब्रह्मन् (brahman) - O Vālmīki, a Brahmin (O Brahmin)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of brahman

brahman - Brahmin, priest, the Absolute (brahman neuter)

Note: Addressing Vālmīki.

अपापा (apāpā) - (Sītā) innocent (innocent, sinless)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of apāpā

apāpā - sinless, innocent, faultless

Negative compound (nañ-tatpuruṣa) of a (not) + pāpā (sinful, evil, feminine)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+pāpa)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• pāpa – sin, evil, wrong; sinful, evil (adjective)
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with Sītā.

इति (iti) - indicating that 'apāpā' is Rāma's thought/knowledge (thus, so saying, indicating)

(indeclinable)

Note: Follows the word it refers to ('apāpā').

अभिजानता (abhijānatā) - by me (Rāma), knowing (her purity) (by one who knows, by me knowing)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of abhijānat

abhijānat - knowing, recognizing, understanding

Present Active Participle

Derived from root abhi + √jñā (to know), present active participle, instrumental singular of masculine.

Prefix: abhi

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Refers to Rāma, the agent of abandoning Sītā.

परित्यक्ता (parityaktā) - abandoned, forsaken

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of parityakta

parityakta - abandoned, forsaken, relinquished

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root pari + √tyaj (to abandon), past passive participle

Prefix: pari

Root: tyaj (class 1)

Note: Predicate for Sītā.

मया (mayā) - by me (Rāma) (by me)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Agent of the action 'abandoned'.

सीता (sītā) - Sītā

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of sītā

sītā - Sītā (proper noun, name of Rāma's wife)

Note: The person who was abandoned.

तत् (tat) - therefore (as a consequence) (therefore, so, that)

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces a consequence.

भवान् (bhavān) - you (Vālmīki), respectfully (your honor, you)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhavat

bhavat - you (respectful term), your honor, being, becoming

Present Active Participle (originally)

From root √bhū (to be, become), present participle, used as respectful pronoun.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Refers to Vālmīki.

क्षन्तुम् (kṣantum) - to forgive, to pardon

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Derived from root √kṣam (1st class), infinitive suffix -tum

Root: kṣam (class 1)

Note: Used with `arhati`.

अर्हति (arhati) - ought, deserves, is able

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of arh

Present Tense, Active Voice, 3rd Person Singular

Present (laṭ), root √arh (1st class, Parasmaipada)

Root: arh (class 1)

Note: Predicate for `bhavān`.

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