वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-58, verse-10

अर्धरात्रे तु शत्रुघ्नः शुश्राव सुमहत् प्रियम् ।
पर्णशालां गतो रात्रौ दिष्ट्या दिष्ट्येति चाब्रवीत् ॥१०॥

10. ardharātre tu śatrughnaḥ śuśrāva sumahat priyam ,
parṇaśālāṃ gato rātrau diṣṭyā diṣṭyeti cābravīt.

10. ardharātre tu śatrughnaḥ śuśrāva sumahat priyam
parṇaśālām gataḥ rātrau diṣṭyā diṣṭyā iti ca abravīt

10. tu ardharātre śatrughnaḥ sumahat priyam śuśrāva
rātrau parṇaśālām gataḥ diṣṭyā diṣṭyā iti ca abravīt

10. At midnight, Shatrughna heard very significant and pleasant news. Having gone to the leaf-hut at night, he exclaimed, 'Fortunately! Fortunately!'

Words meanings summery:

• अर्धरात्रे (ardharātre) - in the middle of the night (at midnight)

• तु (tu) - indeed (for emphasis) (indeed, but, however)

• शत्रुघ्नः (śatrughnaḥ) - Shatrughna, Rama's youngest brother (Shatrughna (name))

• शुश्राव (śuśrāva) - he came to know (by hearing) (he heard)

• सुमहत् (sumahat) - of great importance (very great, very large)

• प्रियम् (priyam) - the pleasant news (pleasant, dear, agreeable, good news)

• पर्णशालाम् (parṇaśālām) - towards the hermitage made of leaves (to the leaf-hut)

• गतः (gataḥ) - after having gone (having gone, gone)

• रात्रौ (rātrau) - during the night (at night)

• दिष्ट्या (diṣṭyā) - by great fortune (fortunately, by good luck)

• दिष्ट्या (diṣṭyā) - by great fortune (repeated for emphasis) (fortunately, by good luck)

• इति (iti) - denotes direct speech (thus, so saying)

• च (ca) - and

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he uttered (he spoke, he said)

Words meanings and morphology

अर्धरात्रे (ardharātre) - in the middle of the night (at midnight)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of ardharātra

ardharātra - midnight, half night

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ardha+rātra)

• ardha – half
  adjective (masculine)
• rātra – night
  noun (masculine)

तु (tu) - indeed (for emphasis) (indeed, but, however)

(indeclinable)

शत्रुघ्नः (śatrughnaḥ) - Shatrughna, Rama's youngest brother (Shatrughna (name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śatrughna

śatrughna - Shatrughna (name of a son of Dasharatha, meaning 'slayer of foes')

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śatru+ghna)

• śatru – enemy, foe
  noun (masculine)
• ghna – slaying, destroying
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun/adjective
  derived from root han (to strike, kill)
  Root: han (class 2)

शुश्राव (śuśrāva) - he came to know (by hearing) (he heard)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of śru

Perfect Tense

3rd person singular, parasmaipada. Formed with reduplication.

Root: śru (class 5)

सुमहत् (sumahat) - of great importance (very great, very large)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sumahat

sumahat - very great, very mighty, splendid

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+mahat)

• su – good, well, very
  indeclinable
  prefix indicating excellence or intensity
• mahat – great, large, mighty
  adjective (neuter)

प्रियम् (priyam) - the pleasant news (pleasant, dear, agreeable, good news)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of priya

priya - dear, beloved, pleasant, agreeable, good news

पर्णशालाम् (parṇaśālām) - towards the hermitage made of leaves (to the leaf-hut)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of parṇaśālā

parṇaśālā - hut made of leaves, hermitage

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (parṇa+śālā)

• parṇa – leaf, feather
  noun (neuter)
• śālā – house, dwelling, hut
  noun (feminine)

गतः (gataḥ) - after having gone (having gone, gone)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gata

gata - gone, reached, departed

Past Passive Participle

derived from root gam (to go)

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: This participle functions here as an active participle, indicating an action completed by the subject.

रात्रौ (rātrau) - during the night (at night)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of rātri

rātri - night

दिष्ट्या (diṣṭyā) - by great fortune (fortunately, by good luck)

(indeclinable)

instrumental form of diṣṭi (fortune, destiny) used adverbially

दिष्ट्या (diṣṭyā) - by great fortune (repeated for emphasis) (fortunately, by good luck)

(indeclinable)

instrumental form of diṣṭi (fortune, destiny) used adverbially

इति (iti) - denotes direct speech (thus, so saying)

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he uttered (he spoke, he said)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect Tense

3rd person singular, parasmaipada, with augment 'a'

Root: brū (class 2)

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