वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-75, verse-10

स काञ्चनमयं पीठं परार्ध्यास्तरणावृतम् ।
अध्यास्त सर्ववेदज्ञो दूताननुशशास च ॥१०॥

10. sa kāñcanamayaṃ pīṭhaṃ parārdhyāstaraṇāvṛtam ,
adhyāsta sarvavedajño dūtānanuśaśāsa ca.

10. saḥ kāñcanamayam pīṭham parārdhyāstaraṇāvṛtam
adhyāsta sarvavedajñaḥ dūtān anuśaśāsa ca

10. saḥ sarvavedajñaḥ parārdhyāstaraṇāvṛtam
kāñcanamayam pīṭham adhyāsta ca dūtān anuśaśāsa

10. He, who was learned in all the Vedas, sat upon that golden seat, which was covered with a most precious spread. He then proceeded to instruct his messengers.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he, that (person)

• काञ्चनमयम् (kāñcanamayam) - made of gold, golden

• पीठम् (pīṭham) - seat, stool, throne

• परार्ध्यास्तरणावृतम् (parārdhyāstaraṇāvṛtam) - covered with a costly spread/covering

• अध्यास्त (adhyāsta) - sat upon, occupied

• सर्ववेदज्ञः (sarvavedajñaḥ) - knower of all Vedas, omniscient in the Vedas

• दूतान् (dūtān) - messengers, envoys

• अनुशशास (anuśaśāsa) - instructed, commanded, taught

• च (ca) - and

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he, that (person)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the "dharmātmā" from the previous verse.

काञ्चनमयम् (kāñcanamayam) - made of gold, golden

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kāñcanamaya

kāñcanamaya - made of gold, golden

Derived from kāñcana (gold) + -maya (made of)

Compound type : tatpurusha (kāñcana+maya)

• kāñcana – gold
  noun (neuter)
• maya – made of, consisting of
  suffix
  Suffix indicating material or nature

Note: Modifies "pīṭham".

पीठम् (pīṭham) - seat, stool, throne

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pīṭha

pīṭha - seat, stool, throne, bench

Note: Object of the verb "adhyāsta".

परार्ध्यास्तरणावृतम् (parārdhyāstaraṇāvṛtam) - covered with a costly spread/covering

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of parārdhyāstaraṇāvṛta

parārdhyāstaraṇāvṛta - covered with a valuable mat/spread

Compound of parārdhya (costly, excellent), āstaraṇa (spread, covering), and āvṛta (covered)

Compound type : tatpurusha (parārdhya+āstaraṇa+āvṛta)

• parārdhya – most excellent, most valuable, costly
  adjective (masculine)
• āstaraṇa – covering, spread, carpet
  noun (neuter)
  From root stṛ 'to spread' with prefix ā-
  Prefix: ā
  Root: stṛ (class 5)
• āvṛta – covered, enveloped
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root vṛ 'to cover' with prefix ā-
  Prefix: ā
  Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Modifies "pīṭham".

अध्यास्त (adhyāsta) - sat upon, occupied

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, imperfect past (laṅ) of adhyāste

From root ās 'to sit' with prefix adhi-

Prefix: adhi

Root: ās (class 2)

Note: Root 'ās' (to sit) with prefix 'adhi'.

सर्ववेदज्ञः (sarvavedajñaḥ) - knower of all Vedas, omniscient in the Vedas

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sarvavedajña

sarvavedajña - knower of all Vedas

Compound of sarva (all), veda (Veda), and jña (knower)

Compound type : tatpurusha (sarva+veda+jña)

• sarva – all, every
  pronoun (masculine)
• veda – knowledge, sacred knowledge, Veda
  noun (masculine)
  From root vid 'to know'
  Root: vid (class 2)
• jña – knower, understanding
  adjective (masculine)
  From root jñā 'to know'
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Epithet for the subject "saḥ".

दूतान् (dūtān) - messengers, envoys

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of dūta

dūta - messenger, envoy, ambassador

From root du 'to go, to move'

Root: du (class 1)

Note: Object of "anuśaśāsa".

अनुशशास (anuśaśāsa) - instructed, commanded, taught

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect past (liṭ) of anuśās

From root śās 'to instruct, to rule' with prefix anu-

Prefix: anu

Root: śās (class 2)

Note: Root 'śās' (to teach/govern) with prefix 'anu'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the two actions.