वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-100, verse-3

कः कस्य पुरुषो बन्धुः किमाप्यं कस्य केन चित् ।
यदेको जायते जन्तुरेक एव विनश्यति ॥३॥

3. kaḥ kasya puruṣo bandhuḥ kimāpyaṃ kasya kena cit ,
yadeko jāyate jantureka eva vinaśyati.

3. kaḥ kasya puruṣaḥ bandhuḥ kim āpyam kasya kena
cit yat ekaḥ jāyate jantuḥ ekaḥ eva vinaśyati

3. kaḥ puruṣaḥ kasya bandhuḥ kena cit kasya kim
āpyam yat ekaḥ jantuḥ jāyate ekaḥ eva vinaśyati

3. Who is a relative to whom? What can be obtained by anyone from anyone else? For a creature is born alone, and alone it perishes.

Words meanings summery:

• कः (kaḥ) - who, what

• कस्य (kasya) - whose, to whom, of whom

• पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - man, person, human being (puruṣa)

• बन्धुः (bandhuḥ) - relative, kinsman, friend

• किम् (kim) - what, anything

• आप्यम् (āpyam) - obtainable, to be reached, acquired

• कस्य (kasya) - whose, to whom, of whom

• केन (kena) - by whom, by which

• चित् (cit) - indeed, any, some (indefinite particle)

• यत् (yat) - because, that which, since

• एकः (ekaḥ) - one, alone, single

• जायते (jāyate) - is born, arises

• जन्तुः (jantuḥ) - creature, being, living entity

• एकः (ekaḥ) - one, alone, single

• एव (eva) - only, just, indeed, precisely

• विनश्यति (vinaśyati) - perishes, is destroyed

Words meanings and morphology

कः (kaḥ) - who, what

(interrogative pronoun)

कस्य (kasya) - whose, to whom, of whom

(interrogative pronoun)

पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - man, person, human being (puruṣa)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of puruṣa

puruṣa - man, person, male, the Supreme Being (puruṣa), cosmic person

बन्धुः (bandhuḥ) - relative, kinsman, friend

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bandhu

bandhu - relative, kinsman, friend, bond

किम् (kim) - what, anything

(interrogative pronoun)

आप्यम् (āpyam) - obtainable, to be reached, acquired

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of āpya

āpya - obtainable, to be obtained, acquired, fit to be reached

Gerundive / Future Passive Participle

Prefix: ā

Root: āp (class 5)

कस्य (kasya) - whose, to whom, of whom

(interrogative pronoun)

केन (kena) - by whom, by which

(interrogative pronoun)

चित् (cit) - indeed, any, some (indefinite particle)

(indeclinable)

यत् (yat) - because, that which, since

(indeclinable)

एकः (ekaḥ) - one, alone, single

(numeral adjective)

जायते (jāyate) - is born, arises

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present indicative (laṭ) of jan

Root: jan (class 4)

जन्तुः (jantuḥ) - creature, being, living entity

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jantu

jantu - creature, being, animal, living entity

एकः (ekaḥ) - one, alone, single

(numeral adjective)

एव (eva) - only, just, indeed, precisely

(indeclinable)

विनश्यति (vinaśyati) - perishes, is destroyed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of vināś

Prefix: vi

Root: naś (class 4)

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