वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-100, verse-1

आश्वासयन्तं भरतं जाबालिर्ब्राह्मणोत्तमः ।
उवाच रामं धर्मज्ञं धर्मापेतमिदं वचः ॥१॥

1. āśvāsayantaṃ bharataṃ jābālirbrāhmaṇottamaḥ ,
uvāca rāmaṃ dharmajñaṃ dharmāpetamidaṃ vacaḥ.

1. āśvāsayantam bharatam jābāliḥ brāhmaṇottamaḥ
uvāca rāmam dharmajñam dharmāpetam idam vacaḥ

1. jābāliḥ brāhmaṇottamaḥ āśvāsayantam bharatam
dharmajñam rāmam dharmāpetam idam vacaḥ uvāca

1. Jabali, the best among Brahmins, spoke these words, which were devoid of natural law (dharma), to Rama, who was comforting Bharata and was himself a knower of natural law (dharma).

Words meanings summery:

• आश्वासयन्तम् (āśvāsayantam) - comforting, consoling

• भरतम् (bharatam) - to Bharata (Rama's brother) (Bharata (name), the one to be supported/cherished)

• जाबालिः (jābāliḥ) - Jabali (name of a sage)

• ब्राह्मणोत्तमः (brāhmaṇottamaḥ) - best of Brahmins

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

• रामम् (rāmam) - to Rama

• धर्मज्ञम् (dharmajñam) - knower of natural law (dharma) (knower of natural law (dharma), righteous)

• धर्मापेतम् (dharmāpetam) - devoid of natural law (dharma) (devoid of natural law (dharma), unrighteous, irreligious)

• इदम् (idam) - this

• वचः (vacaḥ) - word, speech

Words meanings and morphology

आश्वासयन्तम् (āśvāsayantam) - comforting, consoling

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āśvāsayat

āśvāsayat - comforting, consoling

Present Active Participle (causative)

Causative stem from root śvas + śatṛ suffix for active participle

Prefix: ā

Root: śvas (class 2)

भरतम् (bharatam) - to Bharata (Rama's brother) (Bharata (name), the one to be supported/cherished)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bharata

bharata - Bharata (name), cherished, maintained

जाबालिः (jābāliḥ) - Jabali (name of a sage)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jābāli

jābāli - Jabali (name of a sage)

ब्राह्मणोत्तमः (brāhmaṇottamaḥ) - best of Brahmins

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of brāhmaṇottama

brāhmaṇottama - best among Brahmins, excellent Brahmin

Compound type : tatpurusha (brāhmaṇa+uttama)

• brāhmaṇa – Brahmin, relating to Brahman
  noun (masculine)
• uttama – best, highest, excellent
  adjective (masculine)

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

रामम् (rāmam) - to Rama

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama (name), pleasing, charming

धर्मज्ञम् (dharmajñam) - knower of natural law (dharma) (knower of natural law (dharma), righteous)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharmajña

dharmajña - knower of dharma, righteous, virtuous

Compound type : tatpurusha (dharma+jña)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness
  noun (masculine)
• jña – knowing, understanding
  adjective (masculine)
  derived from root jñā
  Root: jñā (class 9)

धर्मापेतम् (dharmāpetam) - devoid of natural law (dharma) (devoid of natural law (dharma), unrighteous, irreligious)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dharmāpeta

dharmāpeta - devoid of dharma, deviating from duty, unrighteous

Compound type : tatpurusha (dharma+apeta)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness
  noun (masculine)
• apeta – gone away from, devoid of, separated
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Prefix: apa
  Root: i (class 2)

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this

वचः (vacaḥ) - word, speech

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacas

vacas - word, speech, saying

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