वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-2, chapter-100, verse-11

गतः स नृपतिस्तत्र गन्तव्यं यत्र तेन वै ।
प्रवृत्तिरेषा मर्त्यानां त्वं तु मिथ्या विहन्यसे ॥११॥

11. gataḥ sa nṛpatistatra gantavyaṃ yatra tena vai ,
pravṛttireṣā martyānāṃ tvaṃ tu mithyā vihanyase.

11. gataḥ saḥ nṛpatiḥ tatra gantavyam yatra tena vai
| pravṛttiḥ eṣā martyānām tvam tu mithyā vihanase

11. saḥ nṛpatiḥ tatra gataḥ yatra tena vai gantavyam
eṣā martyānām pravṛttiḥ tu tvam mithyā vihanase

11. That king has departed to the destination he was indeed meant to reach. This is the natural course of mortals, but you are needlessly tormenting yourself.

Words meanings summery:

• गतः (gataḥ) - gone, departed, reached

• सः (saḥ) - that, he

• नृपतिः (nṛpatiḥ) - king, ruler

• तत्र (tatra) - there, to that place, in that case

• गन्तव्यम् (gantavyam) - to be gone, to be reached, destined to go

• यत्र (yatra) - where, to which place

• तेन (tena) - by him, by that

• वै (vai) - indeed, surely, certainly

• प्रवृत्तिः (pravṛttiḥ) - The natural order or way of things, especially regarding life and death. (course, activity, engagement, origin, nature)

• एषा (eṣā) - this (feminine)

• मर्त्यानाम् (martyānām) - of mortals, of human beings

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• तु (tu) - but, however, on the other hand

• मिथ्या (mithyā) - falsely, wrongly, uselessly, needlessly

• विहनसे (vihanase) - you are tormented, you are distressed, you are afflicted

Words meanings and morphology

गतः (gataḥ) - gone, departed, reached

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gata

gata - gone, departed, arrived at, obtained, past

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root √gam (to go).

Root: √gam (class 1)

सः (saḥ) - that, he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

नृपतिः (nṛpatiḥ) - king, ruler

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nṛpati

nṛpati - king, ruler, lord of men

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī tatpuruṣa (nṛ+pati)

• nṛ – man, person
  noun (masculine)
• pati – master, lord, owner, husband
  noun (masculine)

तत्र (tatra) - there, to that place, in that case

(indeclinable)

गन्तव्यम् (gantavyam) - to be gone, to be reached, destined to go

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of gantavya

gantavya - to be gone, to be travelled, that which must be gone to, a destination

Gerundive

Derived from the root √gam (to go) with the suffix -tavya.

Root: √gam (class 1)

यत्र (yatra) - where, to which place

(indeclinable)

तेन (tena) - by him, by that

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

वै (vai) - indeed, surely, certainly

(indeclinable)

प्रवृत्तिः (pravṛttiḥ) - The natural order or way of things, especially regarding life and death. (course, activity, engagement, origin, nature)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of pravṛtti

pravṛtti - activity, action, course, conduct, evolution, origin, nature

Derived from the root √vṛt (to turn, exist) with prefix pra-.

Prefix: pra

Root: √vṛt (class 1)

एषा (eṣā) - this (feminine)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of etad

etad - this

मर्त्यानाम् (martyānām) - of mortals, of human beings

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of martya

martya - mortal, human, a mortal being

Derived from root √mṛ (to die) with suffix -tya.

Root: √mṛ (class 1)

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

तु (tu) - but, however, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

मिथ्या (mithyā) - falsely, wrongly, uselessly, needlessly

(indeclinable)

विहनसे (vihanase) - you are tormented, you are distressed, you are afflicted

(verb)

2nd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of vi-han

Present tense, 2nd person singular, passive voice.

Prefix: vi

Root: √han (class 2)

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