महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-14, verse-2

ध्यायते धृतराष्ट्राय सहसोपेत्य दुःखितः ।
आचष्ट निहतं भीष्मं भरतानाममध्यमम् ॥२॥

2. dhyāyate dhṛtarāṣṭrāya sahasopetya duḥkhitaḥ ,
ācaṣṭa nihataṁ bhīṣmaṁ bharatānāmamadhyamam.

2. ध्यायते धृतराष्ट्राय सहसा उपेत्य दुःखितः
आचष्ट निहतम् भीष्मम् भरतानाम् अमध्यमम्

2. दुःखितः सहसा ध्यायते धृतराष्ट्राय उपेत्य
भरतानाम् अमध्यमम् भीष्मम् निहतम् आचष्ट

2. ...sorrowfully, he suddenly approached Dhritarashtra, who was anxious, and announced that Bhishma, the foremost among the Bharatas, had been slain.

Words meanings summery:

• ध्यायते (ध्यायते) - To Dhritarashtra, who was absorbed in thought or feeling anxious about the war. (to him who meditates, to him who is anxious)

• धृतराष्ट्राय (धृतराष्ट्राय) - To King Dhritarashtra, to whom Sanjaya reports the news. (to Dhritarashtra)

• सहसा (सहसा) - Sanjaya approaching Dhritarashtra abruptly due to the urgency of the news. (suddenly, hastily, by force)

• उपेत्य (उपेत्य) - Sanjaya having come near to Dhritarashtra. (having approached, having gone near)

• दुःखितः (दुःखितः) - Sanjaya being sorrowful due to the news of Bhishma's fall. (distressed, sorrowful, unhappy)

• आचष्ट (आचष्ट) - Sanjaya communicating the news of Bhishma's fall. (he announced, he told, he narrated)

• निहतम् (निहतम्) - Bhishma having been killed in battle. (slain, killed, struck down)

• भीष्मम् (भीष्मम्) - The great warrior Bhishma, grandsire of the Pandavas and Kauravas. (Bhishma)

• भरतानाम् (भरतानाम्) - Refers to both the Kauravas and Pandavas, the warring factions. (of the Bharatas, of the descendants of Bharata)

• अमध्यमम् (अमध्यमम्) - Bhishma was the pre-eminent figure among the Bharatas. (not mediocre, excellent, supreme, foremost)

Words meanings and morphology

ध्यायते (ध्यायते) - To Dhritarashtra, who was absorbed in thought or feeling anxious about the war. (to him who meditates, to him who is anxious)

(adjective)

Dative, masculine, singular of ध्यायत्

ध्यायत् - Meditating, thinking, anxious, reflecting.

Present Active Participle

Present active participle of root 'dhyai' (to meditate).

Root: ध्यै (class 1)

धृतराष्ट्राय (धृतराष्ट्राय) - To King Dhritarashtra, to whom Sanjaya reports the news. (to Dhritarashtra)

(proper noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of धृतराष्ट्र

धृतराष्ट्र - Name of the blind king of the Kurus, father of the Kauravas.

Compound type : bahuvrihi (धृत+राष्ट्र)

• धृत – Held, supported, firm, sustained.
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past Passive Participle of 'dhṛ' (to hold).
  Root: धृ (class 1)
• राष्ट्र – Kingdom, realm, country, nation.
  noun (neuter)

सहसा (सहसा) - Sanjaya approaching Dhritarashtra abruptly due to the urgency of the news. (suddenly, hastily, by force)

(indeclinable)

उपेत्य (उपेत्य) - Sanjaya having come near to Dhritarashtra. (having approached, having gone near)

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Absolutive form of 'i' (to go) with prefix 'upa'.

Prefix: उप

Root: इ (class 2)

दुःखितः (दुःखितः) - Sanjaya being sorrowful due to the news of Bhishma's fall. (distressed, sorrowful, unhappy)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of दुःखित

दुःखित - Distressed, sorrowful, grieved, unhappy, suffering.

Past Passive Participle

Derived from 'duḥkha' (suffering) with 'ita' suffix.

आचष्ट (आचष्ट) - Sanjaya communicating the news of Bhishma's fall. (he announced, he told, he narrated)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, imperfect/perfect (luṅ/liṭ) of आचष्ट

Imperfect or Perfect tense, 3rd person singular, Ātmanepada of root 'cakṣ' (to see, to tell) with prefix 'ā'.

Prefix: आ

Root: चक्ष् (class 2)

निहतम् (निहतम्) - Bhishma having been killed in battle. (slain, killed, struck down)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of निहत

निहत - Slain, killed, struck down, destroyed, injured.

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of root 'han' (to strike, kill) with prefix 'ni'.

Prefix: नि

Root: हन् (class 2)

भीष्मम् (भीष्मम्) - The great warrior Bhishma, grandsire of the Pandavas and Kauravas. (Bhishma)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of भीष्म

भीष्म - Terrible, formidable; name of the eighth son of King Śantanu and Ganga, also known as Devavrata. He was the grandsire of the Pandavas and Kauravas and a great warrior.

भरतानाम् (भरतानाम्) - Refers to both the Kauravas and Pandavas, the warring factions. (of the Bharatas, of the descendants of Bharata)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of भरत

भरत - A descendant of Bharata, name of a legendary emperor, also a name of Rama's brother; a warrior, an actor.

अमध्यमम् (अमध्यमम्) - Bhishma was the pre-eminent figure among the Bharatas. (not mediocre, excellent, supreme, foremost)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of अमध्यम

अमध्यम - Not middling, not ordinary, excellent, pre-eminent, supreme.

Compound type : nañ-tatpurusha (अ+मध्यम)

• अ – Not, un- (negation prefix).
  indeclinable
• मध्यम – Middle, mediocre, intermediate.
  adjective (masculine)