महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-14, verse-1

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
अथ गावल्गणिर्धीमान्समरादेत्य संजयः ।
प्रत्यक्षदर्शी सर्वस्य भूतभव्यभविष्यवित् ॥१॥

1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
atha gāvalgaṇirdhīmānsamarādetya saṁjayaḥ ,
pratyakṣadarśī sarvasya bhūtabhavyabhaviṣyavit.

1. वैशंपायनः उवाच अथ गावल्गणिः धीमान् समरात् एत्य
संजयः प्रत्यक्षदर्शी सर्वस्य भूतभव्यभविष्यवित्

1. वैशंपायनः उवाच अथ धीमान् गावल्गणिः संजयः समरात्
एत्य सर्वस्य प्रत्यक्षदर्शी भूतभव्यभविष्यवित्

1. Vaiśampayana said: Then, the intelligent Sanjaya, son of Gavālgaṇa, who had come from the battle, an eyewitness to everything, and a knower of the past, present, and future...

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायनः (वैशंपायनः) - The sage Vaiśampayana, who narrates the Mahabharata. (Vaiśampayana)

• उवाच (उवाच) - said, spoke

• अथ (अथ) - then, now, thereupon

• गावल्गणिः (गावल्गणिः) - Sanjaya, referred to by his patronymic as the son of Gavālgaṇa. (son of Gavālgaṇa, Sanjaya)

• धीमान् (धीमान्) - Sanjaya, characterized as intelligent or discerning. (intelligent, wise, thoughtful)

• समरात् (समरात्) - Sanjaya coming directly from the battlefield of Kurukshetra. (from battle, from conflict)

• एत्य (एत्य) - Sanjaya having arrived from the battlefield. (having come, having approached, having gone to)

• संजयः (संजयः) - Sanjaya, Dhritarashtra's charioteer and minister, who had the boon of seeing the war. (Sanjaya)

• प्रत्यक्षदर्शी (प्रत्यक्षदर्शी) - Sanjaya, who was granted divine sight to be a direct witness to the events of the war. (eyewitness, one who sees directly)

• सर्वस्य (सर्वस्य) - Sanjaya having direct perception and knowledge of all events of the war. (of all, of everything)

• भूतभव्यभविष्यवित् (भूतभव्यभविष्यवित्) - Sanjaya possessing complete knowledge of events as a seer. (knower of past, present, and future)

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायनः (वैशंपायनः) - The sage Vaiśampayana, who narrates the Mahabharata. (Vaiśampayana)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of वैशंपायन

वैशंपायन - Name of a celebrated sage, a pupil of Vyasa and narrator of the Mahabharata.

उवाच (उवाच) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of उवाच

Perfect tense form of 'vac' (to speak).

Root: वच् (class 2)

अथ (अथ) - then, now, thereupon

(indeclinable)

गावल्गणिः (गावल्गणिः) - Sanjaya, referred to by his patronymic as the son of Gavālgaṇa. (son of Gavālgaṇa, Sanjaya)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of गावल्गणि

गावल्गणि - A patronymic of Saṃjaya, son of Gavālgaṇa.

धीमान् (धीमान्) - Sanjaya, characterized as intelligent or discerning. (intelligent, wise, thoughtful)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of धीमत्

धीमत् - Intelligent, wise, sagacious, clever, thoughtful.

Derived from 'dhī' (intellect) with the 'matup' suffix.

समरात् (समरात्) - Sanjaya coming directly from the battlefield of Kurukshetra. (from battle, from conflict)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of समर

समर - Battle, war, conflict, fight.

एत्य (एत्य) - Sanjaya having arrived from the battlefield. (having come, having approached, having gone to)

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Absolutive form of 'i' (to go) with prefix 'ā'.

Prefix: आ

Root: इ (class 2)

संजयः (संजयः) - Sanjaya, Dhritarashtra's charioteer and minister, who had the boon of seeing the war. (Sanjaya)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of संजय

संजय - Name of Dhritarashtra's charioteer and minister, who was gifted with divine sight by Vyasa to witness the battle of Kurukshetra.

प्रत्यक्षदर्शी (प्रत्यक्षदर्शी) - Sanjaya, who was granted divine sight to be a direct witness to the events of the war. (eyewitness, one who sees directly)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of प्रत्यक्षदर्शिन्

प्रत्यक्षदर्शिन् - An eyewitness, one who sees directly, observer.

Compound type : tatpurusha (प्रत्यक्ष+दर्शिन्)

• प्रत्यक्ष – Visible, perceptible, before the eyes, direct perception.
  adjective (neuter)
• दर्शिन् – One who sees, a seer, an observer.
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun from root 'dṛś' (to see).
  Root: दृश् (class 1)

सर्वस्य (सर्वस्य) - Sanjaya having direct perception and knowledge of all events of the war. (of all, of everything)

(pronoun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of सर्व

सर्व - All, every, whole, entire.

भूतभव्यभविष्यवित् (भूतभव्यभविष्यवित्) - Sanjaya possessing complete knowledge of events as a seer. (knower of past, present, and future)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of भूतभव्यभविष्यविद्

भूतभव्यभविष्यविद् - Knower of what has been, what is to be, and what will be; knower of past, present, and future.

Compound type : dvandva tatpurusha (भूत+भव्य+भविष्य+विद्)

• भूत – Past, happened, become, existed; a being, creature, element.
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past Passive Participle of 'bhū' (to be).
  Root: भू (class 1)
• भव्य – To be, future, what is to be, fit, proper; prosperity, well-being.
  adjective (neuter)
  Gerundive
  Gerundive of 'bhū' (to be).
  Root: भू (class 1)
• भविष्य – Future, what will be, about to be; the future tense.
  adjective (neuter)
  Future Active Participle
  Future Active Participle of 'bhū' (to be).
  Root: भू (class 1)
• विद् – Knowing, understanding, conversant with; a knower, an expert.
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'vid' (to know).
  Root: विद् (class 2)