महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-97, verse-14

यत्रतत्रशयो नित्यं येनकेनचिदाशितः ।
येनकेनचिदाच्छन्नः स गोव्रत इहोच्यते ॥१४॥

14. yatratatraśayo nityaṁ yenakenacidāśitaḥ ,
yenakenacidācchannaḥ sa govrata ihocyate.

14. yatra tatra śayaḥ nityam yena kena cit āśitaḥ
yena kena cit ācchannaḥ saḥ govrataḥ iha ucyate

14. One who constantly sleeps just anywhere, consumes whatever he obtains, and is covered by anything at all – he is declared here to be observing the cow vow (govrata).

Words meanings summery:

• यत्र (yatra) - where, wherever

• तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place, anywhere

• शयः (śayaḥ) - one who sleeps, lying, sleeping

• नित्यम् (nityam) - always, constantly, perpetually

• येन (yena) - by which, by whatsoever

• केन (kena) - by what, by any

• चित् (cit) - even, at all (intensifier)

• आशितः (āśitaḥ) - fed, having eaten, nourished

• येन (yena) - by which, by whatsoever

• केन (kena) - by what, by any

• चित् (cit) - even, at all (intensifier)

• आच्छन्नः (ācchannaḥ) - covered, veiled, clothed

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• गोव्रतः (govrataḥ) - one who observes the cow vow

• इह (iha) - here, in this world, in this context

• उच्यते (ucyate) - is called, is declared, is said

Words meanings and morphology

यत्र (yatra) - where, wherever

(indeclinable)

तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place, anywhere

(indeclinable)

शयः (śayaḥ) - one who sleeps, lying, sleeping

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śaya

śaya - lying, resting, sleeping

Agent Noun

Derived from the root 'śī' (to lie down, to sleep) with the suffix 'a'.

Root: śī (class 2)

नित्यम् (nityam) - always, constantly, perpetually

(indeclinable)

येन (yena) - by which, by whatsoever

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, what

केन (kena) - by what, by any

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

चित् (cit) - even, at all (intensifier)

(indeclinable)

Used as an enclitic particle to give indefiniteness or emphasis.

आशितः (āśitaḥ) - fed, having eaten, nourished

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āśita

āśita - fed, having eaten, nourished

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of the root 'aś' (to eat) with the prefix 'ā'.

Prefix: ā

Root: aś (class 9)

येन (yena) - by which, by whatsoever

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, what

केन (kena) - by what, by any

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

चित् (cit) - even, at all (intensifier)

(indeclinable)

Used as an enclitic particle to give indefiniteness or emphasis.

आच्छन्नः (ācchannaḥ) - covered, veiled, clothed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ācchanna

ācchanna - covered, veiled, clothed

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of the root 'chad' (to cover) with prefix 'ā'.

Prefix: ā

Root: chad (class 10)

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

गोव्रतः (govrataḥ) - one who observes the cow vow

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of govrata

govrata - cow vow, an observance resembling the life of a cow; one who observes the cow vow

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (go+vrata)

• go – cow
  noun (feminine)
• vrata – vow, religious observance, sacred rule
  noun (neuter)

इह (iha) - here, in this world, in this context

(indeclinable)

उच्यते (ucyate) - is called, is declared, is said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of vac

Present Tense Passive

Present passive 3rd person singular of root 'vac' (to speak).

Root: vac (class 2)