महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-53, verse-9

ग्रस्तान्गन्धर्वराजेन मज्जतो ह्यप्लवेऽम्भसि ।
आनिनाय पुनः पार्थः पुत्रांस्ते राजसत्तम ॥९॥

9. grastāngandharvarājena majjato hyaplave'mbhasi ,
ānināya punaḥ pārthaḥ putrāṁste rājasattama.

9. grastān gandharvarājena majjataḥ hi aplave ambhasi
ānināya punaḥ pārthaḥ putrān te rājasattama

9. O best of kings, Arjuna indeed brought your sons back when they were sinking helplessly in the water, having been seized by the Gandharva king.

Words meanings summery:

• ग्रस्तान् (grastān) - seized, devoured, consumed

• गन्धर्वराजेन (gandharvarājena) - by the king of Gandharvas

• मज्जतः (majjataḥ) - sinking, submerging

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for, because

• अप्लवे (aplave) - in a boatless state, in a helpless state, in the absence of a boat

• अम्भसि (ambhasi) - in water

• आनिनाय (ānināya) - brought back

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, back, moreover

• पार्थः (pārthaḥ) - Arjuna (son of Pṛthā)

• पुत्रान् (putrān) - sons

• ते (te) - your

• राजसत्तम (rājasattama) - O best of kings

Words meanings and morphology

ग्रस्तान् (grastān) - seized, devoured, consumed

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of grasta

grasta - seized, devoured, overcome, caught

Past Passive Participle

Derived from √gras (to devour)

Root: gras (class 1)

गन्धर्वराजेन (gandharvarājena) - by the king of Gandharvas

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of gandharvarāja

gandharvarāja - king of Gandharvas

Compound type : tatpurusha (gandharva+rājan)

• gandharva – Gandharva (a class of celestial beings)
  noun (masculine)
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

मज्जतः (majjataḥ) - sinking, submerging

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of majjat

majjat - sinking, submerging

Present Active Participle

Derived from √majj (to sink)

Root: majj (class 6)

Note: The form `majjataḥ` is accusative plural masculine.

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for, because

(indeclinable)

अप्लवे (aplave) - in a boatless state, in a helpless state, in the absence of a boat

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of aplava

aplava - boatless, helpless, without support

From 'a' (negation) + 'plava' (boat, raft).

Compound type : tatpurusha (a+plava)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• plava – boat, raft, float
  noun (masculine)
  Root: plu (class 1)

Note: Qualifies `ambhasi` indirectly, meaning 'in water without a boat (for support)'

अम्भसि (ambhasi) - in water

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of ambhas

ambhas - water, liquid

आनिनाय (ānināya) - brought back

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of √nī

Perfect tense

3rd person singular, Perfect tense, Active voice. From root √nī with prefix ā.

Prefix: ā

Root: nī (class 1)

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, back, moreover

(indeclinable)

पार्थः (pārthaḥ) - Arjuna (son of Pṛthā)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - Arjuna, son of Pṛthā (Kunti)

Patronymic from Pṛthā

पुत्रान् (putrān) - sons

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of putra

putra - son, child

ते (te) - your

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of tvad

tvad - you, your (2nd person pronoun)

Alternative form for dative/genitive singular of `yuṣmad`.

Note: Can also be dative. In this context, 'your sons' implies genitive.

राजसत्तम (rājasattama) - O best of kings

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājasattama

rājasattama - best among kings

Compound type : tatpurusha (rājan+sattama)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• sattama – best, most excellent
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative suffix -tama