महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-159, verse-5

आर्तं वातात्मजं दृष्ट्वा क्रोधेनाभिहतं भृशम् ।
उत्स्मयन्निव दाशार्हः कैतव्यं प्रत्यभाषत ॥५॥

5. ārtaṁ vātātmajaṁ dṛṣṭvā krodhenābhihataṁ bhṛśam ,
utsmayanniva dāśārhaḥ kaitavyaṁ pratyabhāṣata.

5. ārtam vātātmajam dṛṣṭvā krodhena abhihatam bhṛśam
ut-smayan iva dāśārhaḥ kaitavyam prati-abhāṣata

5. dāśārhaḥ krodhena bhṛśam abhihatam ārtam वातात्मजम् दृष्ट्वा,
उत्स्मयन् इव,
कैतव्यम् प्रत्यभाषत।

5. Seeing Vātātmaja (Bhīma) greatly distressed and overwhelmed by anger, Daśārha (Kṛṣṇa), as if smiling subtly, spoke in reply concerning the deceit.

Words meanings summery:

• आर्तम् (ārtam) - distressed, afflicted, suffering, pained

• वातात्मजम् (vātātmajam) - Bhīma (son of Vāta (wind god), i.e., Bhīma)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, having perceived

• क्रोधेन (krodhena) - by anger, with anger

• अभिहतम् (abhihatam) - struck, afflicted, overwhelmed, smitten

• भृशम् (bhṛśam) - greatly, exceedingly, intensely

• उत्-स्मयन् (ut-smayan) - smiling subtly, smirking, showing a slight smile

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• दाशार्हः (dāśārhaḥ) - Kṛṣṇa (Daśārha (an epithet of Kṛṣṇa, indicating his descent from the Daśārha tribe))

• कैतव्यम् (kaitavyam) - deceit, fraud, trickery

• प्रति-अभाषत (prati-abhāṣata) - he spoke in reply, he answered

Words meanings and morphology

आर्तम् (ārtam) - distressed, afflicted, suffering, pained

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ārta

ārta - afflicted, distressed, pained, suffering

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √ṛ (to go, to move) with suffix -ta, or from √art (to pain) with kta suffix.

Root: art (class 1)

वातात्मजम् (vātātmajam) - Bhīma (son of Vāta (wind god), i.e., Bhīma)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vātātmaja

vātātmaja - son of the wind-god (Vāyu); an epithet of Bhīma and Hanumān

Compound of Vāta (wind god) and ātmaja (son).

Compound type : tatpurusha (vāta+ātmaja)

• vāta – wind, air, wind-god
  noun (masculine)
• ātmaja – son, born of oneself
  noun (masculine)
  Compound of ātman (self) and ja (born).
  Root: jan (class 4)

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, having perceived

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root √dṛś (to see) with suffix -tvā.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

क्रोधेन (krodhena) - by anger, with anger

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of krodha

krodha - anger, wrath, fury

Derived from root √krudh (to be angry).

Root: krudh (class 4)

अभिहतम् (abhihatam) - struck, afflicted, overwhelmed, smitten

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of abhihata

abhihata - struck, smitten, assailed, afflicted, overwhelmed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √han (to strike, kill) with prefix abhi- and kta (past passive participle) suffix.

Prefix: abhi

Root: han (class 2)

भृशम् (bhṛśam) - greatly, exceedingly, intensely

(indeclinable)

उत्-स्मयन् (ut-smayan) - smiling subtly, smirking, showing a slight smile

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ut-smayat

ut-smayat - smiling subtly, smirking

Present Active Participle

Derived from root √smi (to smile) with prefix ut- and śatṛ (present active participle) suffix.

Prefix: ut

Root: smi (class 1)

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

दाशार्हः (dāśārhaḥ) - Kṛṣṇa (Daśārha (an epithet of Kṛṣṇa, indicating his descent from the Daśārha tribe))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dāśārha

dāśārha - descendant of Daśārha; an epithet of Kṛṣṇa

Derived from Daśārha (name of a Yadava king) + a (descendant).

कैतव्यम् (kaitavyam) - deceit, fraud, trickery

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kaitavya

kaitavya - deceit, fraud, gambling, trickery

Derived from kitava (gambler, cheat) + ya (nominal suffix).

प्रति-अभाषत (prati-abhāṣata) - he spoke in reply, he answered

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, imperfect (laṅ) of √bhāṣ

Prefix: prati

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)