महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-28, verse-1

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
ततः शारद्वतो वाक्यमित्युवाच कृपस्तदा ।
युक्तं प्राप्तं च वृद्धेन पाण्डवान्प्रति भाषितम् ॥१॥

1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
tataḥ śāradvato vākyamityuvāca kṛpastadā ,
yuktaṁ prāptaṁ ca vṛddhena pāṇḍavānprati bhāṣitam.

1. vaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca tataḥ śāradvataḥ vākyam iti uvāca kṛpaḥ
tadā yuktam prāptam ca vṛddhena pāṇḍavān prati bhāṣitam

1. Vaiśampāyana said: Then Kṛpa Śāradvata spoke thus: "What has been spoken to the Pāṇḍavas by the elder (vṛddha) is proper and well-received."

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaiśampāyana (Vaiśampāyana (name of a sage, narrator of Mahābhārata))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (spoke, said, told)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereafter, from that)

• शारद्वतः (śāradvataḥ) - Śāradvata (Kṛpa) (son of Śaradvan (an epithet for Kṛpa))

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - statement (speech, words, statement, sentence)

• इति (iti) - thus (thus, in this manner, so (marks direct speech))

• उवाच (uvāca) - spoke (spoke, said, told)

• कृपः (kṛpaḥ) - Kṛpa (Kṛpa (name of a warrior sage, brother-in-law of Droṇa))

• तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

• युक्तम् (yuktam) - proper (proper, appropriate, fit, joined, equipped)

• प्राप्तम् (prāptam) - well-received / fitting (obtained, reached, achieved, suitable, timely)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• वृद्धेन (vṛddhena) - by the elder (by the elder, by the old man, by the respected one)

• पाण्डवान् (pāṇḍavān) - the Pāṇḍavas (the Pāṇḍavas (sons of Pāṇḍu))

• प्रति (prati) - to, regarding (towards, to, regarding, against)

• भाषितम् (bhāṣitam) - spoken (statement) (spoken, said, declared)

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaiśampāyana (Vaiśampāyana (name of a sage, narrator of Mahābhārata))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - Vaiśampāyana (name of a sage)

Note: Speaker of the verse.

उवाच (uvāca) - said (spoke, said, told)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect indicative (lit) of vac

Perfect Indicative, 3rd Person Singular, Active Voice

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Perfect tense, often used for narrative.

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereafter, from that)

(indeclinable)

Note: Indicates sequence of events.

शारद्वतः (śāradvataḥ) - Śāradvata (Kṛpa) (son of Śaradvan (an epithet for Kṛpa))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śāradvata

śāradvata - son of Śaradvan (epithet for Kṛpa)

Derived from 'Śaradvan' with suffix 'a' (patronymic).

Note: Another name for Kṛpa, the speaker of the inner quote.

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - statement (speech, words, statement, sentence)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - speech, words, statement, sentence

From root 'vac' (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Object of 'uvāca'.

इति (iti) - thus (thus, in this manner, so (marks direct speech))

(indeclinable)

Note: Marks the beginning of direct speech or statement content.

उवाच (uvāca) - spoke (spoke, said, told)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect indicative (lit) of vac

Perfect Indicative, 3rd Person Singular, Active Voice

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Repeats the verb 'uvāca' for narrative emphasis.

कृपः (kṛpaḥ) - Kṛpa (Kṛpa (name of a warrior sage, brother-in-law of Droṇa))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛpa

kṛpa - Kṛpa (name of a warrior sage)

Note: Subject of 'uvāca'.

तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

Note: Specifies the time of the action.

युक्तम् (yuktam) - proper (proper, appropriate, fit, joined, equipped)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yukta

yukta - proper, appropriate, fit, joined, equipped

Past Passive Participle

From root 'yuj' (to join, to yoke)

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Predicative adjective for 'bhāṣitam'.

प्राप्तम् (prāptam) - well-received / fitting (obtained, reached, achieved, suitable, timely)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of prāpta

prāpta - obtained, reached, achieved, suitable, timely

Past Passive Participle

From root 'āp' (to obtain) with prefix 'pra'.

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Predicative adjective for 'bhāṣitam'.

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'yuktam' and 'prāptam'.

वृद्धेन (vṛddhena) - by the elder (by the elder, by the old man, by the respected one)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vṛddha

vṛddha - old, aged, elder, increased, grown

Past Passive Participle

From root 'vṛdh' (to grow)

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: Agent of 'bhāṣitam'.

पाण्डवान् (pāṇḍavān) - the Pāṇḍavas (the Pāṇḍavas (sons of Pāṇḍu))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, son of Pāṇḍu

Derived from 'Pāṇḍu' (father) with suffix 'a' (patronymic).

Note: Object of the preposition 'prati'.

प्रति (prati) - to, regarding (towards, to, regarding, against)

(indeclinable)

Note: Preposition governing 'pāṇḍavān'.

भाषितम् (bhāṣitam) - spoken (statement) (spoken, said, declared)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bhāṣita

bhāṣita - spoken, said, declared

Past Passive Participle

From root 'bhāṣ' (to speak)

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)

Note: The subject of Kṛpa's statement ("What was spoken...").