महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-10, verse-9

इदं तु रूपं मम येन किं नु तत्प्रकीर्तयित्वा भृशशोकवर्धनम् ।
बृहन्नडां वै नरदेव विद्धि मां सुतं सुतां वा पितृमातृवर्जिताम् ॥९॥

9. idaṁ tu rūpaṁ mama yena kiṁ nu ta;tprakīrtayitvā bhṛśaśokavardhanam ,
bṛhannaḍāṁ vai naradeva viddhi māṁ; sutaṁ sutāṁ vā pitṛmātṛvarjitām.

9. idam tu rūpam mama yena kim nu tat
prakīrtayitvā bhṛśaśokavardhanam
bṛhannadām vai naradeva viddhi
mām sutam sutām vā pitṛmātṛvarjitām

9. This is indeed my current form, but what is the use of describing that which would greatly increase sorrow? O king, know me as Bṛhannadā, a son or a daughter deprived of father and mother.

Words meanings summery:

• इदम् (idam) - this

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• रूपम् (rūpam) - form, appearance, shape

• मम (mama) - my, of me

• येन (yena) - by which, because of which

• किम् (kim) - what, why, what is the use

• नु (nu) - now, then, indeed, possibly

• तत् (tat) - that, that one

• प्रकीर्तयित्वा (prakīrtayitvā) - having described, having proclaimed

• भृशशोकवर्धनम् (bhṛśaśokavardhanam) - greatly increasing sorrow

• बृहन्नदाम् (bṛhannadām) - Bṛhannadā

• वै (vai) - indeed, certainly

• नरदेव (naradeva) - O king, O lord of men

• विद्धि (viddhi) - know!, understand!

• माम् (mām) - me

• सुतम् (sutam) - son

• सुताम् (sutām) - daughter

• वा (vā) - or, either

• पितृमातृवर्जिताम् (pitṛmātṛvarjitām) - deprived of father and mother

Words meanings and morphology

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

रूपम् (rūpam) - form, appearance, shape

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of rūpa

rūpa - form, appearance, shape, beauty

मम (mama) - my, of me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

येन (yena) - by which, because of which

(pronoun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that

किम् (kim) - what, why, what is the use

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, who, why, how

नु (nu) - now, then, indeed, possibly

(indeclinable)

तत् (tat) - that, that one

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, that one, he, she, it

प्रकीर्तयित्वा (prakīrtayitvā) - having described, having proclaimed

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Absolutive (gerund) formed from the causative of root kīrt (to mention, proclaim) with prefix pra-.

Prefix: pra

Root: kīrt (class 10)

भृशशोकवर्धनम् (bhṛśaśokavardhanam) - greatly increasing sorrow

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bhṛśaśokavardhana

bhṛśaśokavardhana - greatly increasing sorrow, causing much grief

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhṛśa+śoka+vardhana)

• bhṛśa – much, great, strong, intense, greatly
  indeclinable
• śoka – sorrow, grief, lamentation, anguish
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root śuc (to mourn, grieve).
  Root: śuc (class 1)
• vardhana – increasing, promoting, causing to grow
  adjective (neuter)
  present active participle
  From the causative root vṛdh (to grow, increase), meaning 'causing to grow/increase'.
  Root: vṛdh (class 1)

बृहन्नदाम् (bṛhannadām) - Bṛhannadā

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of bṛhannadā

bṛhannadā - Bṛhannadā (Arjuna's name while disguised as a eunuch in Virāṭa's court)

वै (vai) - indeed, certainly

(indeclinable)

नरदेव (naradeva) - O king, O lord of men

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of naradeva

naradeva - king, lord of men, prince

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+deva)

• nara – man, human being, person
  noun (masculine)
• deva – god, deity, lord, king
  noun (masculine)

विद्धि (viddhi) - know!, understand!

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of vid

Root: vid (class 2)

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

सुतम् (sutam) - son

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of suta

suta - son, born, produced

past passive participle (used as noun)

Derived from root sū (to bear, produce).

Root: sū (class 2)

सुताम् (sutām) - daughter

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sutā

sutā - daughter, born (feminine)

past passive participle (used as noun)

Feminine form of suta, derived from root sū (to bear, produce).

Root: sū (class 2)

वा (vā) - or, either

(indeclinable)

पितृमातृवर्जिताम् (pitṛmātṛvarjitām) - deprived of father and mother

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of pitṛmātṛvarjitā

pitṛmātṛvarjitā - deprived of father and mother, parentless

Compound type : dvandva-tatpuruṣa (pitṛ+mātṛ+varjitā)

• pitṛ – father, ancestor
  noun (masculine)
• mātṛ – mother
  noun (feminine)
• varjitā – abandoned, devoid of, deprived of, excluded
  adjective (feminine)
  past passive participle
  From root vṛj (to abandon, forsake, avoid).
  Root: vṛj (class 1)