महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-10, verse-12

स शिक्षयामास च गीतवादितं सुतां विराटस्य धनंजयः प्रभुः ।
सखीश्च तस्याः परिचारिकास्तथा प्रियश्च तासां स बभूव पाण्डवः ॥१२॥

12. sa śikṣayāmāsa ca gītavāditaṁ; sutāṁ virāṭasya dhanaṁjayaḥ prabhuḥ ,
sakhīśca tasyāḥ paricārikāstathā; priyaśca tāsāṁ sa babhūva pāṇḍavaḥ.

12. saḥ śikṣayāmāsa ca gītavāditam sutām
virāṭasya dhanañjayaḥ prabhuḥ
sakhīḥ ca tasyāḥ paricārikāḥ tathā
priyaḥ ca tāsām saḥ babhūva pāṇḍavaḥ

12. And that mighty Dhanañjaya (Arjuna), son of Pāṇḍu, taught the daughter of Virāṭa, as well as her companions and attendants, singing and instrumental music. He became dear to them.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• शिक्षयामास (śikṣayāmāsa) - he taught

• च (ca) - and

• गीतवादितम् (gītavāditam) - singing and instrumental music

• सुताम् (sutām) - King Virāṭa's daughter (daughter)

• विराटस्य (virāṭasya) - of King Virāṭa (of Virāṭa)

• धनञ्जयः (dhanañjayaḥ) - Arjuna (one of the Pāṇḍavas) (Dhanañjaya)

• प्रभुः (prabhuḥ) - the mighty Dhanañjaya (lord, master, powerful, mighty)

• सखीः (sakhīḥ) - female friends, companions

• च (ca) - and

• तस्याः (tasyāḥ) - of Virāṭa's daughter (her, of her)

• परिचारिकाः (paricārikāḥ) - attendants, maidservants

• तथा (tathā) - thus, also, similarly

• प्रियः (priyaḥ) - dear, beloved, pleasing

• च (ca) - and

• तासाम् (tāsām) - to the women (daughter, companions, attendants) (of them, to them)

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• बभूव (babhūva) - he became, he was

• पाण्डवः (pāṇḍavaḥ) - Arjuna (as a son of Pāṇḍu) (son of Pāṇḍu, descendant of Pāṇu)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, that one, he, she, it

शिक्षयामास (śikṣayāmāsa) - he taught

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of śikṣayāmāsa

periphrastic perfect of causative

Periphrastic perfect form of the causative of root śikṣ (to learn). 'śikṣ' itself is often treated as a desiderative or denominative of 'śikṣā' meaning 'to learn, to teach'.

Root: śikṣ (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

गीतवादितम् (gītavāditam) - singing and instrumental music

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of gītavādita

gītavādita - singing and instrumental music, vocal and instrumental music

Compound type : dvandva (gīta+vādita)

• gīta – song, singing, sung
  noun (neuter)
  past passive participle (used as noun)
  Derived from root gai (to sing).
  Root: gai (class 1)
• vādita – music, instrumental music, played, sounded
  noun (neuter)
  past passive participle (used as noun)
  Derived from root vad (to speak, play a musical instrument).
  Root: vad (class 1)

सुताम् (sutām) - King Virāṭa's daughter (daughter)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sutā

sutā - daughter, born (feminine)

past passive participle (used as noun)

Feminine form of suta, derived from root sū (to bear, produce).

Root: sū (class 2)

विराटस्य (virāṭasya) - of King Virāṭa (of Virāṭa)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of virāṭa

virāṭa - Virāṭa (name of a king)

धनञ्जयः (dhanañjayaḥ) - Arjuna (one of the Pāṇḍavas) (Dhanañjaya)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhanañjaya

dhanañjaya - Dhanañjaya (a name of Arjuna, meaning 'conqueror of wealth')

प्रभुः (prabhuḥ) - the mighty Dhanañjaya (lord, master, powerful, mighty)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prabhu

prabhu - lord, master, mighty, powerful, capable

Derived from root bhū (to be, become) with prefix pra-.

Prefix: pra

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Can function as an adjective here.

सखीः (sakhīḥ) - female friends, companions

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of sakhī

sakhī - female friend, companion, confidante

Feminine form of sakhi (friend).

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

तस्याः (tasyāḥ) - of Virāṭa's daughter (her, of her)

(pronoun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, that one, he, she, it

परिचारिकाः (paricārikāḥ) - attendants, maidservants

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of paricārikā

paricārikā - female attendant, maidservant

Derived from root car (to move, go) with prefix pari-.

Prefix: pari

Root: car (class 1)

तथा (tathā) - thus, also, similarly

(indeclinable)

प्रियः (priyaḥ) - dear, beloved, pleasing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of priya

priya - dear, beloved, pleasing, agreeable, one's own

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

तासाम् (tāsām) - to the women (daughter, companions, attendants) (of them, to them)

(pronoun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of tad

tad - that, that one, he, she, it

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, that one, he, she, it

बभूव (babhūva) - he became, he was

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

पाण्डवः (pāṇḍavaḥ) - Arjuna (as a son of Pāṇḍu) (son of Pāṇḍu, descendant of Pāṇu)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - son of Pāṇḍu, descendant of Pāṇḍu

Patronymic derivation from Pāṇḍu.