महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-10, verse-4

सर्वानपृच्छच्च समीपचारिणः कुतोऽयमायाति न मे पुरा श्रुतः ।
न चैनमूचुर्विदितं तदा नराः सविस्मितं वाक्यमिदं नृपोऽब्रवीत् ॥४॥

4. sarvānapṛcchacca samīpacāriṇaḥ; kuto'yamāyāti na me purā śrutaḥ ,
na cainamūcurviditaṁ tadā narāḥ; savismitaṁ vākyamidaṁ nṛpo'bravīt.

4. sarvān apṛcchat ca samīpacāriṇaḥ
kutaḥ ayam āyāti na me purā śrutaḥ |
na ca enam ūcuḥ viditam tadā narāḥ
savismitam vākyam idam nṛpaḥ abravīt

4. (The king) asked all those nearby, "From where does this person come? I have not heard of him before." And the men then could not tell him what was known. Highly astonished, the king then uttered this statement.

4. ושאל את כל הנוכחים לידו מאין בא האיש הזה, ואמר שלא שמע עליו מעולם. האנשים לא ידעו לומר לו מי הוא, ואז אמר המלך בהשתאות את הדברים הבאים.

Words meanings summery:

• सर्वान् (sarvān) - all the attendants (all, everyone)

• अपृच्छत् (apṛcchat) - asked, questioned

• च (ca) - and

• समीपचारिणः (samīpacāriṇaḥ) - those moving nearby, attendants

• कुतः (kutaḥ) - from where, whence

• अयम् (ayam) - this man (referring to Arjuna) (this, this person)

• आयाति (āyāti) - comes, arrives

• न (na) - not

• मे (me) - by me, to me

• पुरा (purā) - before, formerly, in ancient times

• श्रुतः (śrutaḥ) - heard of (by me) (heard, renowned)

• न (na) - not

• च (ca) - and

• एनम् (enam) - him (Arjuna) (him, this (person))

• ऊचुः (ūcuḥ) - they said, they told

• विदितम् (viditam) - what was known (to them) (known, understood)

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• नराः (narāḥ) - the men (attendants) present (men, people)

• सविस्मितम् (savismitam) - with astonishment, astonished

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - statement, word, speech

• इदम् (idam) - this, this (statement)

• नृपः (nṛpaḥ) - King Virāṭa (king, ruler)

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said

Words meanings and morphology

सर्वान् (sarvān) - all the attendants (all, everyone)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, entire

अपृच्छत् (apṛcchat) - asked, questioned

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (Laṅ) of pṛcch

Imperfect tense, active voice.

Root: pracch (class 6)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

समीपचारिणः (samīpacāriṇaḥ) - those moving nearby, attendants

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of samīpacārin

samīpacārin - one who moves near, an attendant, a bystander

Compound type : tatpurusha (samīpa+cārin)

• samīpa – near, vicinity, proximity
  noun (neuter)
• cārin – moving, going, behaving
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun
  Derived from root car 'to move, walk'
  Root: car (class 1)

कुतः (kutaḥ) - from where, whence

(indeclinable)

अयम् (ayam) - this man (referring to Arjuna) (this, this person)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

आयाति (āyāti) - comes, arrives

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (Laṭ) of āyā

Prefix: ā

Root: yā (class 2)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

मे (me) - by me, to me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me, my

Note: Used here as agent for the past passive participle 'śrutaḥ'.

पुरा (purā) - before, formerly, in ancient times

(indeclinable)

श्रुतः (śrutaḥ) - heard of (by me) (heard, renowned)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śruta

śruta - heard, listened, known (by tradition), famous

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root śru 'to hear'

Root: śru (class 1)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

एनम् (enam) - him (Arjuna) (him, this (person))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ena

ena - this, that, he, she, it

ऊचुः (ūcuḥ) - they said, they told

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (Lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

विदितम् (viditam) - what was known (to them) (known, understood)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vidita

vidita - known, understood, perceived

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root vid 'to know'

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Used as a noun: 'the known thing'

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

नराः (narāḥ) - the men (attendants) present (men, people)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nara

nara - man, male, human

सविस्मितम् (savismitam) - with astonishment, astonished

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of savismita

savismita - astonished, amazed, with wonder

Compound type : avyayībhāva (sa+vismita)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• vismita – astonished, amazed, wondering
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root smi 'to smile' with upasarga vi
  Prefix: vi
  Root: smi (class 1)

Note: Used adverbially to modify the verb 'abravīt'.

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - statement, word, speech

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - speech, word, sentence, statement

इदम् (idam) - this, this (statement)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

नृपः (nṛpaḥ) - King Virāṭa (king, ruler)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, ruler

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (Laṅ) of brū

Imperfect tense, active voice.

Root: brū (class 2)

Previous Verse Next Verse