महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-9, verse-11

अथ वा जायमानस्य यच्छीलमनुजायते ।
श्रूयते तन्महाराज नामृतस्यापसर्पति ॥११॥

11. atha vā jāyamānasya yacchīlamanujāyate ,
śrūyate tanmahārāja nāmṛtasyāpasarpati.

11. atha vā jāyamānasya yat śīlam anujāyate
śrūyate tat mahārāja na amṛtasya apasarati

11. Or, O great king, the disposition (śīla) with which a person is born, it is heard, does not abandon the immortal (ātman).

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - then, now, thus, thereupon, moreover, or

• वा (vā) - or, either, and, like, as if

• जायमानस्य (jāyamānasya) - of a person who is born (of one being born, of one who is born)

• यत् (yat) - which, what, that

• शीलम् (śīlam) - disposition, character, nature, conduct, habit

• अनुजायते (anujāyate) - follows, is born along with, arises subsequently

• श्रूयते (śrūyate) - it is heard, it is said

• तत् (tat) - that

• महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king

• न (na) - not, no

• अमृतस्य (amṛtasya) - of the immortal (ātman) (of the immortal, of immortality, of nectar)

• अपसरति (apasarati) - departs, goes away, disappears

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - then, now, thus, thereupon, moreover, or

(indeclinable)

वा (vā) - or, either, and, like, as if

(indeclinable)

जायमानस्य (jāyamānasya) - of a person who is born (of one being born, of one who is born)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of jāyamāna

jāyamāna - being born, becoming, existing

Present Passive Participle

Derived from root jan (to be born) with the passive present participle suffix -māna. Declines like a masculine noun in genitive singular.

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Used as a substantive, referring to a person.

यत् (yat) - which, what, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that

Note: Used as a relative pronoun modifying śīlam.

शीलम् (śīlam) - disposition, character, nature, conduct, habit

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śīla

śīla - disposition, character, nature, conduct, habit

अनुजायते (anujāyate) - follows, is born along with, arises subsequently

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of anujan

Present Tense

Root jan (to be born) with prefix anu, in present passive/middle voice.

Prefix: anu

Root: jan (class 4)

श्रूयते (śrūyate) - it is heard, it is said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of śru

Present Tense

Root śru in present passive voice.

Root: śru (class 5)

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers back to `yat śīlam`.

महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+rājan)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अमृतस्य (amṛtasya) - of the immortal (ātman) (of the immortal, of immortality, of nectar)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of amṛta

amṛta - immortal, nectar, deathless, the immortal (ātman)

Derived from a (not) + mṛta (dead).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+mṛta)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• mṛta – dead, deceased
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root mṛ (to die).
  Root: mṛ (class 6)

Note: Refers to the immortal self (ātman).

अपसरति (apasarati) - departs, goes away, disappears

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of apasṛ

Present Tense

Root sṛ (to go) with prefix apa.

Prefix: apa

Root: sṛ (class 1)