महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-15, chapter-21, verse-11

तासां नादो रुदतीनां तदासीद्राजन्दुःखात्कुररीणामिवोच्चैः ।
ततो निष्पेतुर्ब्राह्मणक्षत्रियाणां विट्शूद्राणां चैव नार्यः समन्तात् ॥११॥

11. tāsāṁ nādo rudatīnāṁ tadāsī;drājanduḥkhātkurarīṇāmivoccaiḥ ,
tato niṣpeturbrāhmaṇakṣatriyāṇāṁ; viṭśūdrāṇāṁ caiva nāryaḥ samantāt.

11. tāsam nādaḥ rudatīnām tadā āsīt
rājan duḥkhāt kurarīṇām iva uccaiḥ
tataḥ niṣpetuḥ brāhmaṇakṣatriyāṇām
viṭśūdrāṇām ca eva nāryaḥ samantāt

11. rājan tadā duḥkhāt rudatīnām tāsam
kurarīṇām iva uccaiḥ nādaḥ āsīt
tataḥ brāhmaṇakṣatriyāṇām viṭśūdrāṇām
ca eva nāryaḥ samantāt niṣpetuḥ

11. O king, the weeping women then made a loud sound, like the cries of ospreys in distress. From all directions, the women of Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas, and Shudras rushed out.

Words meanings summery:

• तासम् (tāsam) - of those women (implied) (of them, belonging to them)

• नादः (nādaḥ) - loud cry (sound, roar, cry, noise)

• रुदतीनाम् (rudatīnām) - of the weeping women (of those weeping, of the crying ones)

• तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

• आसीत् (āsīt) - was (was, existed)

• राजन् (rājan) - O king

• दुःखात् (duḥkhāt) - from sorrow, in distress (from sorrow, due to pain)

• कुररीणाम् (kurarīṇām) - of ospreys (of ospreys, of curlews)

• इव (iva) - like (like, as, as it were)

• उच्चैः (uccaiḥ) - loudly (loudly, high, aloud)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, from there (then, thence, from there)

• निष्पेतुः (niṣpetuḥ) - they rushed out (they rushed out, they flew out)

• ब्राह्मणक्षत्रियाणाम् (brāhmaṇakṣatriyāṇām) - of Brahmins and Kshatriyas

• विट्शूद्राणाम् (viṭśūdrāṇām) - of Vaishyas and Shudras

• च (ca) - and

• एव (eva) - also (indeed, only, even)

• नार्यः (nāryaḥ) - women

• समन्तात् (samantāt) - from all sides (from all sides, all around)

Words meanings and morphology

तासम् (tāsam) - of those women (implied) (of them, belonging to them)

(pronoun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Feminine genitive plural of 'tad', referring to women.

नादः (nādaḥ) - loud cry (sound, roar, cry, noise)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nāda

nāda - sound, roar, cry, noise

Derived from 'nad' (to sound) with 'ghañ' suffix.

Root: nad (class 1)

रुदतीनाम् (rudatīnām) - of the weeping women (of those weeping, of the crying ones)

(adjective)

Genitive, feminine, plural of rudatī

rudatī - weeping (feminine)

Present Active Participle

Feminine form of present active participle of √rud (to weep).

Root: rud (class 2)

Note: Genitive plural of the feminine present active participle 'rudatī'.

तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

आसीत् (āsīt) - was (was, existed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of as

Imperfect Tense

Root: as (class 2)

राजन् (rājan) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

दुःखात् (duḥkhāt) - from sorrow, in distress (from sorrow, due to pain)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of duḥkha

duḥkha - sorrow, pain, suffering, misery

कुररीणाम् (kurarīṇām) - of ospreys (of ospreys, of curlews)

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of kurarī

kurarī - osprey, curlew (a kind of bird)

इव (iva) - like (like, as, as it were)

(indeclinable)

उच्चैः (uccaiḥ) - loudly (loudly, high, aloud)

(indeclinable)

Note: Originally an adverbial form.

ततः (tataḥ) - then, from there (then, thence, from there)

(indeclinable)

निष्पेतुः (niṣpetuḥ) - they rushed out (they rushed out, they flew out)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past perfect (lit) of niṣpat

Perfect Tense

Prefix: nis

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Root 'pat' with prefix 'nis'.

ब्राह्मणक्षत्रियाणाम् (brāhmaṇakṣatriyāṇām) - of Brahmins and Kshatriyas

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of brāhmaṇakṣatriya

brāhmaṇakṣatriya - Brahmin and Kshatriya

Compound type : dvandva (brāhmaṇa+kṣatriya)

• brāhmaṇa – Brahmin, one belonging to the priestly class
  noun (masculine)
• kṣatriya – Kshatriya, one belonging to the warrior/ruling class
  noun (masculine)

Note: Compound of 'brāhmaṇa' and 'kṣatriya'.

विट्शूद्राणाम् (viṭśūdrāṇām) - of Vaishyas and Shudras

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of viṭśūdra

viṭśūdra - Vaishya and Shudra

Compound type : dvandva (viś+śūdra)

• viś – Vaishya, common people, citizen
  noun (masculine)
• śūdra – Shudra, one belonging to the servant class
  noun (masculine)

Note: Compound of 'viś' and 'śūdra'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - also (indeed, only, even)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used here for emphasis or "also".

नार्यः (nāryaḥ) - women

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of nārī

nārī - woman

समन्तात् (samantāt) - from all sides (from all sides, all around)

(indeclinable)