महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-15, chapter-18, verse-5

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
इत्युक्ते धर्मराजस्तमर्जुनं प्रत्यपूजयत् ।
भीमसेनः कटाक्षेण वीक्षां चक्रे धनंजयम् ॥५॥

5. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
ityukte dharmarājastamarjunaṁ pratyapūjayat ,
bhīmasenaḥ kaṭākṣeṇa vīkṣāṁ cakre dhanaṁjayam.

5. vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca iti ukte dharma-rājaḥ tam arjunam
pratyapūjayat bhīmasenaḥ kaṭākṣeṇa vīkṣām cakre dhanaṃjayam

5. vaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca iti ukte (sati) dharma-rājaḥ tam arjunam
pratyapūjayat bhīmasenaḥ kaṭākṣeṇa dhanaṃjayam vīkṣām cakre

5. Vaishampayana said: When this was thus spoken, Yudhishthira, the king of natural law (dharma), honored Arjuna in return. Bhimasena cast a side glance at Dhananjaya.

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - Vaishampayana (name of a sage)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• इति (iti) - thus, so

• उक्ते (ukte) - when said, having been spoken

• धर्म-राजः (dharma-rājaḥ) - Yudhishthira, the king of natural law (dharma) (king of righteousness, king of natural law, Yudhishthira)

• तम् (tam) - him, that

• अर्जुनम् (arjunam) - Arjuna

• प्रत्यपूजयत् (pratyapūjayat) - honored in return, worshipped in return

• भीमसेनः (bhīmasenaḥ) - Bhimasena (name of a Pandava brother)

• कटाक्षेण (kaṭākṣeṇa) - with a side glance, with a glance

• वीक्षाम् (vīkṣām) - a look, a glance (part of compound verb)

• चक्रे (cakre) - he made, he did (part of compound verb)

• धनंजयम् (dhanaṁjayam) - Dhananjaya (a name of Arjuna)

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - Vaishampayana (name of a sage)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - Vaishampayana (a celebrated sage, pupil of Vyasa and narrator of the Mahabharata)

Note: Subject of 'uvāca'.

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect tense (liṭ) form of root 'vac'.

Root: vac (class 2)

इति (iti) - thus, so

(indeclinable)

Note: Refers to Yudhishthira's preceding statement.

उक्ते (ukte) - when said, having been spoken

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of ukta

ukta - said, spoken, declared

past passive participle

Past passive participle of root 'vac' (to speak).

Root: vac (class 2)

धर्म-राजः (dharma-rājaḥ) - Yudhishthira, the king of natural law (dharma) (king of righteousness, king of natural law, Yudhishthira)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma-rāja

dharma-rāja - king of righteousness, king of natural law, Yudhishthira

Tatpurusha compound: 'dharma' (natural law) + 'rāja' (king).

Compound type : tatpurusha (dharma+rāja)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• rāja – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Refers to Yudhishthira.

तम् (tam) - him, that

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Arjuna.

अर्जुनम् (arjunam) - Arjuna

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - Arjuna (name of a Pandava brother), white, clear

Note: Object of 'pratyapūjayat'.

प्रत्यपूजयत् (pratyapūjayat) - honored in return, worshipped in return

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of prati-pūj

Imperfect tense (laṅ) form of root 'pūj' with prefix 'prati'.

Prefix: prati

Root: pūj (class 10)

भीमसेनः (bhīmasenaḥ) - Bhimasena (name of a Pandava brother)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīmasena

bhīmasena - Bhimasena (a name of Bhima, meaning 'having a dreadful army' or 'dreadful hero')

Compound of 'bhīma' (dreadful) and 'senā' (army).

Compound type : tatpurusha (bhīma+senā)

• bhīma – dreadful, terrible, Bhima
  adjective (masculine)
• senā – army, host
  noun (feminine)

Note: Subject of 'vīkṣām cakre'.

कटाक्षेण (kaṭākṣeṇa) - with a side glance, with a glance

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kaṭākṣa

kaṭākṣa - side glance, ogle, leer

Compound of 'kaṭa' (side) and 'akṣa' (eye).

Compound type : tatpurusha (kaṭa+akṣa)

• kaṭa – side, hip
  noun (masculine)
• akṣa – eye, axis
  noun (neuter)

Note: Means 'by means of a side glance'.

वीक्षाम् (vīkṣām) - a look, a glance (part of compound verb)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vīkṣā

vīkṣā - seeing, looking, viewing, a glance

Derived from root 'īkṣ' (to see) with prefix 'vi'.

Prefix: vi

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

चक्रे (cakre) - he made, he did (part of compound verb)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (liṭ) of kṛ

Perfect tense (liṭ) form, middle voice, of root 'kṛ'.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

धनंजयम् (dhanaṁjayam) - Dhananjaya (a name of Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dhanaṃjaya

dhanaṁjaya - Dhananjaya (a name of Arjuna, meaning 'conqueror of wealth')

Compound of 'dhana' (wealth) and 'jaya' (victory/conqueror).

Compound type : tatpurusha (dhana+jaya)

• dhana – wealth, riches, property
  noun (neuter)
• jaya – victory, conquest, conqueror
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'ji' (to conquer).
  Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Object of 'vīkṣām cakre'.