महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-47, verse-3

ज्ञानेन तपसा चैव धीराः पश्यन्ति तत्पदम् ।
निर्णिक्ततमसः पूता व्युत्क्रान्तरजसोऽमलाः ॥३॥

3. jñānena tapasā caiva dhīrāḥ paśyanti tatpadam ,
nirṇiktatamasaḥ pūtā vyutkrāntarajaso'malāḥ.

3. jñānena tapasā ca eva dhīrāḥ paśyanti tat padam
nirṇiktatamasaḥ pūtāḥ vyutkrāntarajasaḥ amalāḥ

3. dhīrāḥ jñānena tapasā ca eva tat padam paśyanti.
[Te] nirṇiktatamasaḥ,
pūtāḥ,
vyutkrāntarajasaḥ,
amalāḥ [ca santi].

3. Indeed, the resolute ones perceive that supreme state through knowledge (jñāna) and austerity (tapas). These are the ones whose darkness (tamas) has been cleansed away, who are purified, who have transcended the quality of passion (rajas), and who are free from blemish.

Words meanings summery:

• ज्ञानेन (jñānena) - by knowledge, through wisdom

• तपसा (tapasā) - by austerity, through penance

• च (ca) - and, also

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, exactly

• धीराः (dhīrāḥ) - the wise, the resolute, the steady

• पश्यन्ति (paśyanti) - they see, they perceive, they observe

• तत् (tat) - that, that one

• पदम् (padam) - that supreme spiritual state (state, abode, position)

• निर्णिक्ततमसः (nirṇiktatamasaḥ) - those whose darkness (tamas) has been cleansed away (those whose darkness is cleansed away)

• पूताः (pūtāḥ) - purified, clean, holy

• व्युत्क्रान्तरजसः (vyutkrāntarajasaḥ) - those who have transcended rajas (passion)

• अमलाः (amalāḥ) - free from blemish (spotless, pure, untainted)

Words meanings and morphology

ज्ञानेन (jñānena) - by knowledge, through wisdom

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of jñāna

jñāna - knowledge, wisdom, awareness, understanding

From root 'jñā' (to know)

Root: jñā (class 9)

तपसा (tapasā) - by austerity, through penance

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - austerity, penance, heat, religious devotion

Root: tap (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, exactly

(indeclinable)

धीराः (dhīrāḥ) - the wise, the resolute, the steady

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dhīra

dhīra - wise, steady, resolute, firm, composed

पश्यन्ति (paśyanti) - they see, they perceive, they observe

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of dṛś

Root: dṛś (class 1)

तत् (tat) - that, that one

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, that one, it

पदम् (padam) - that supreme spiritual state (state, abode, position)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pada

pada - step, foot, mark, sign, state, condition, abode, word

निर्णिक्ततमसः (nirṇiktatamasaḥ) - those whose darkness (tamas) has been cleansed away (those whose darkness is cleansed away)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nirṇiktatamas

nirṇiktatamas - whose darkness or ignorance is purified/cleansed

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nirṇikta+tamas)

• nirṇikta – cleansed, purified, washed away
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From prefix 'nis' + root 'nij' (to cleanse, purify)
  Prefix: nir
  Root: nij (class 3)
• tamas – darkness, ignorance, the quality of inertia/dullness (one of the three guṇas)
  noun (neuter)

पूताः (pūtāḥ) - purified, clean, holy

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pūta

pūta - purified, clean, holy, pure

Past Passive Participle

From root 'pū' (to purify, cleanse)

Root: pū (class 1)

व्युत्क्रान्तरजसः (vyutkrāntarajasaḥ) - those who have transcended rajas (passion)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vyutkrāntarajas

vyutkrāntarajas - whose rajas (passion, activity) has been transcended

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vyutkrānta+rajas)

• vyutkrānta – transcended, surpassed, gone beyond
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From prefixes 'vi' + 'ut' + root 'kram' (to step, stride)
  Prefixes: vi+ut
  Root: kram (class 1)
• rajas – dust, gloom, passion, activity (one of the three guṇas)
  noun (neuter)

अमलाः (amalāḥ) - free from blemish (spotless, pure, untainted)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of amala

amala - spotless, pure, clean, free from dirt or defect

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (a+mala)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• mala – dirt, impurity, blemish, defect
  noun (masculine)