महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-88, verse-8

मासानेकादश प्रीतिः पितॄणां माहिषेण तु ।
गव्येन दत्ते श्राद्धे तु संवत्सरमिहोच्यते ॥८॥

8. māsānekādaśa prītiḥ pitṝṇāṁ māhiṣeṇa tu ,
gavyena datte śrāddhe tu saṁvatsaramihocyate.

8. māsān ekādaśa prītiḥ pitṝṇām māhiṣeṇa tu
gavyena datte śrāddhe tu saṃvatsaram iha ucyate

8. māhiṣeṇa tu pitṝṇām ekādaśa māsān prītiḥ
gavyena tu śrāddhe datte iha saṃvatsaram ucyate

8. With buffalo meat (māhiṣeṇa), there is satisfaction (prīti) for the ancestors (pitṝṇām) for eleven months. But when an ancestral ritual (śrāddha) is performed with beef (gavyena), it is declared here to last for a year (saṃvatsaram).

Words meanings summery:

• मासान् (māsān) - months

• एकादश (ekādaśa) - eleven

• प्रीतिः (prītiḥ) - satisfaction, affection, pleasure

• पितॄणाम् (pitṝṇām) - of ancestors, of fathers

• माहिषेण (māhiṣeṇa) - with buffalo meat

• तु (tu) - and, but, however

• गव्येन (gavyena) - with cow's products, with beef

• दत्ते (datte) - when given, offered

• श्राद्धे (śrāddhe) - in the ancestral ritual, in the funeral offering

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• संवत्सरम् (saṁvatsaram) - for a year, a year

• इह (iha) - here, in this context

• उच्यते (ucyate) - it is said, declared

Words meanings and morphology

मासान् (māsān) - months

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of māsa

māsa - month

एकादश (ekādaśa) - eleven

(adjective)

plural of ekādaśan

ekādaśan - eleven

प्रीतिः (prītiḥ) - satisfaction, affection, pleasure

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of prīti

prīti - satisfaction, affection, love, pleasure

पितॄणाम् (pitṝṇām) - of ancestors, of fathers

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of pitṛ

pitṛ - father, ancestor

माहिषेण (māhiṣeṇa) - with buffalo meat

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of māhiṣa

māhiṣa - pertaining to a buffalo (mahiṣa), buffalo meat

Derived from 'mahiṣa' (buffalo) with the suffix '-a'.

Note: Implied 'māṃsena' (with meat).

तु (tu) - and, but, however

(indeclinable)

गव्येन (gavyena) - with cow's products, with beef

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of gavya

gavya - pertaining to cows, cow's products (milk, ghee, meat)

Derived from 'go' (cow) with the suffix '-ya'.

Note: Implied 'māṃsena' (with meat) based on context.

दत्ते (datte) - when given, offered

(participle)

Locative, neuter, singular of dā

dā - to give, to offer

Past Passive Participle

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction with 'śrāddhe'.

श्राद्धे (śrāddhe) - in the ancestral ritual, in the funeral offering

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of śrāddha

śrāddha - ancestral ritual, funeral offering, ceremony for deceased ancestors

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction with 'datte'.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

संवत्सरम् (saṁvatsaram) - for a year, a year

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saṃvatsara

saṁvatsara - year

Note: Used adverbially to indicate duration.

इह (iha) - here, in this context

(indeclinable)

उच्यते (ucyate) - it is said, declared

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of vac

Passive form of the root 'vac'.

Root: vac (class 2)