महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-73, verse-8

गोप्रदानं तारयते सप्त पूर्वांस्तथा परान् ।
सुवर्णं दक्षिणां दत्त्वा तावद्द्विगुणमुच्यते ॥८॥

8. gopradānaṁ tārayate sapta pūrvāṁstathā parān ,
suvarṇaṁ dakṣiṇāṁ dattvā tāvaddviguṇamucyate.

8. gopradānam tārayate sapta pūrvān tathā parān
suvarṇam dakṣiṇām dattvā tāvat dviguṇam ucyate

8. gopradānam sapta pūrvān tathā parān tārayate
suvarṇam dakṣiṇām dattvā tāvat dviguṇam ucyate

8. The donation of a cow saves seven previous generations and likewise the later ones. By giving gold as an offering (dakṣiṇā), the merit is declared to be twofold.

Words meanings summery:

• गोप्रदानम् (gopradānam) - the act of donating a cow (donation of a cow)

• तारयते (tārayate) - saves, liberates (causes to cross, saves, liberates, carries over)

• सप्त (sapta) - seven

• पूर्वान् (pūrvān) - previous generations (ancestors) (former ones, previous ones, ancestors)

• तथा (tathā) - and likewise (thus, so, and, likewise)

• परान् (parān) - later generations (descendants) (others, later ones, descendants, supreme ones)

• सुवर्णम् (suvarṇam) - gold (gold, beautiful color)

• दक्षिणाम् (dakṣiṇām) - ritual offering (dakṣiṇā) (ritual fee, offering, gift, right (direction))

• दत्त्वा (dattvā) - having given

• तावत् (tāvat) - to that extent (referring to the previous merit) (so much, to that extent)

• द्विगुणम् (dviguṇam) - twofold, double (in merit) (twofold, double, twice as much)

• उच्यते (ucyate) - is declared (is said, is declared, is spoken)

Words meanings and morphology

गोप्रदानम् (gopradānam) - the act of donating a cow (donation of a cow)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of gopradāna

gopradāna - donation of a cow, giving of a cow

Compound noun.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (go+pradāna)

• go – cow
  noun (feminine)
• pradāna – giving, donation, offering
  noun (neuter)
  From pra-dā (to give).
  Prefix: pra
  Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Subject of 'tārayate'.

तारयते (tārayate) - saves, liberates (causes to cross, saves, liberates, carries over)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present indicative (laṭ) of tāray

Causative present middle, 3rd person singular.

From root 'tṛ' (to cross) in causative form.

Root: tṛ (class 1)

सप्त (sapta) - seven

(numeral)

Note: Agrees with 'pūrvān' and 'parān'.

पूर्वान् (pūrvān) - previous generations (ancestors) (former ones, previous ones, ancestors)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pūrva

pūrva - former, previous, eastern, first

Note: Object of 'tārayate'.

तथा (tathā) - and likewise (thus, so, and, likewise)

(indeclinable)

Adverb/conjunction.

परान् (parān) - later generations (descendants) (others, later ones, descendants, supreme ones)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of para

para - other, beyond, supreme, later, future

Note: Object of 'tārayate', understood to also be 'seven'.

सुवर्णम् (suvarṇam) - gold (gold, beautiful color)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of suvarṇa

suvarṇa - gold, of beautiful color, excellent

From 'su' (good) + 'varṇa' (color/caste/gold).

Note: Object of 'dattvā'.

दक्षिणाम् (dakṣiṇām) - ritual offering (dakṣiṇā) (ritual fee, offering, gift, right (direction))

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of dakṣiṇā

dakṣiṇā - ritual fee, gift, offering, right side, southern

From root 'dakṣ' (to be able, to grow) or associated with 'dakṣiṇa' (right, south).

Root: dakṣ (class 1)

दत्त्वा (dattvā) - having given

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root dā with suffix -tvā.

Root: dā (class 3)

तावत् (tāvat) - to that extent (referring to the previous merit) (so much, to that extent)

(indeclinable)

Adverb.

द्विगुणम् (dviguṇam) - twofold, double (in merit) (twofold, double, twice as much)

(indeclinable)

Compound adjective/numeral.

Compound type : dvigu (dvi+guṇa)

• dvi – two
  numeral
• guṇa – fold, quality, multiplication
  noun (masculine)

Note: Functions adverbially with 'ucyate'.

उच्यते (ucyate) - is declared (is said, is declared, is spoken)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present indicative (laṭ) of vac

Present passive, 3rd person singular.

From root 'vac' (to speak). Irregular passive stem 'uc'.

Root: vac (class 2)