महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-152, verse-3

उपास्ते त्वां नरव्याघ्र सह कृष्णेन धीमता ।
तमिमं पुरयानाय त्वमनुज्ञातुमर्हसि ॥३॥

3. upāste tvāṁ naravyāghra saha kṛṣṇena dhīmatā ,
tamimaṁ purayānāya tvamanujñātumarhasi.

3. upāste tvām naravyāghra saha kṛṣṇena dhīmatā
tam imam purayānāya tvam anujñātum arhasi

3. O tiger among men (Bhīṣma), he is attending upon you, accompanied by the intelligent Kṛṣṇa. You ought to grant him permission for his journey to the city (Hastinapura).

Words meanings summery:

• उपास्ते (upāste) - Yudhishthira is attending upon you (is attending, is serving, is worshipping)

• त्वाम् (tvām) - attending upon you (Bhīṣma) (you (accusative singular))

• नरव्याघ्र (naravyāghra) - O Bhīṣma, foremost among men (O tiger among men, O foremost of men)

• सह (saha) - with, accompanied by

• कृष्णेन (kṛṣṇena) - accompanied by Kṛṣṇa (by Kṛṣṇa, with Kṛṣṇa)

• धीमता (dhīmatā) - by the intelligent Kṛṣṇa (by the intelligent, wise)

• तम् (tam) - him (Yudhishthira) (him, that (masculine accusative singular))

• इमम् (imam) - this one (Yudhishthira) (this, him (masculine accusative singular))

• पुरयानाय (purayānāya) - for his journey to Hastinapura (for the journey to the city, for city-going)

• त्वम् (tvam) - You (Bhīṣma) (you (nominative singular))

• अनुज्ञातुम् (anujñātum) - to permit, to allow

• अर्हसि (arhasi) - you should, you ought, you are able

Words meanings and morphology

उपास्ते (upāste) - Yudhishthira is attending upon you (is attending, is serving, is worshipping)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of ās

Present Tense

3rd person singular present middle of upa-ā-√ās

Prefixes: upa+ā

Root: ās (class 2)

त्वाम् (tvām) - attending upon you (Bhīṣma) (you (accusative singular))

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

नरव्याघ्र (naravyāghra) - O Bhīṣma, foremost among men (O tiger among men, O foremost of men)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of naravyāghra

naravyāghra - tiger among men, foremost of men

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+vyāghra)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• vyāghra – tiger
  noun (masculine)

सह (saha) - with, accompanied by

(indeclinable)

कृष्णेन (kṛṣṇena) - accompanied by Kṛṣṇa (by Kṛṣṇa, with Kṛṣṇa)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kṛṣṇa

kṛṣṇa - Kṛṣṇa (proper name, an incarnation of Viṣṇu)

धीमता (dhīmatā) - by the intelligent Kṛṣṇa (by the intelligent, wise)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dhīmat

dhīmat - intelligent, wise, thoughtful

Possessive suffix -mat added to dhī (intellect)

Note: Agrees with 'kṛṣṇena'.

तम् (tam) - him (Yudhishthira) (him, that (masculine accusative singular))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Yudhishthira. Often used in pairs with 'idam' for emphasis.

इमम् (imam) - this one (Yudhishthira) (this, him (masculine accusative singular))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Yudhishthira, often used in pairs with 'tam' for emphasis.

पुरयानाय (purayānāya) - for his journey to Hastinapura (for the journey to the city, for city-going)

(noun)

Dative, neuter, singular of purayāna

purayāna - journey to the city, city-going

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pura+yāna)

• pura – city, town
  noun (neuter)
• yāna – going, journey, vehicle
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from √yā (to go)
  Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Dative case indicates purpose: 'for the journey'.

त्वम् (tvam) - You (Bhīṣma) (you (nominative singular))

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

अनुज्ञातुम् (anujñātum) - to permit, to allow

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Infinitive of anu-√jñā (to know, perceive)

Prefix: anu

Root: jñā (class 9)

अर्हसि (arhasi) - you should, you ought, you are able

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of arh

Present Tense

2nd person singular present active of √arh (to deserve)

Root: arh (class 1)