महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-152, verse-10

आगन्तव्यं च भवता समये मम पार्थिव ।
विनिवृत्ते दिनकरे प्रवृत्ते चोत्तरायणे ॥१०॥

10. āgantavyaṁ ca bhavatā samaye mama pārthiva ,
vinivṛtte dinakare pravṛtte cottarāyaṇe.

10. āgantavyam ca bhavatā samaye mama pārthiva
vinivṛtte dinakare pravṛtte ca uttarāyaṇe

10. pārthiva ca bhavatā mama samaye āgantavyam
dinakare vinivṛtte ca uttarāyaṇe pravṛtte

10. And you, O King, must come to me at the appointed time, when the sun has turned and the northern course (uttarāyaṇa) has commenced.

Words meanings summery:

• आगन्तव्यम् (āgantavyam) - must be come, it is to be approached/come

• च (ca) - and, also

• भवता (bhavatā) - by you (respectful)

• समये (samaye) - at the proper time, at the appointed time

• मम (mama) - my, to me

• पार्थिव (pārthiva) - O king, O earthly ruler

• विनिवृत्ते (vinivṛtte) - having turned back, having ceased, having returned

• दिनकरे (dinakare) - in the sun, when the sun

• प्रवृत्ते (pravṛtte) - having commenced, having begun, having advanced

• च (ca) - and, also

• उत्तरायणे (uttarāyaṇe) - in the northern course (of the sun), when the northern course

Words meanings and morphology

आगन्तव्यम् (āgantavyam) - must be come, it is to be approached/come

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ā-gam

ā-gam - to come, approach, arrive

Gerundive (Future Passive Participle)

Gerundive of root gam (गम्) 'to go' with prefix ā (आ) 'to'.

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

भवता (bhavatā) - by you (respectful)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of bhavat

bhavat - your honor, you (respectful address)

Present Active Participle

Present active participle of root bhū (भू) 'to be', used as a pronoun.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Used as the agent of the gerundive 'āgantavyam'

समये (samaye) - at the proper time, at the appointed time

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of samaya

samaya - time, appointed time, occasion, season, agreement, convention

मम (mama) - my, to me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of aham

aham - I

Note: Here functionally dative 'to me'

पार्थिव (pārthiva) - O king, O earthly ruler

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pārthiva

pārthiva - earthly, terrestrial; a king, prince, ruler

Derived from pṛthivī (पृथ्वी) 'earth' with suffix -a (अ).

विनिवृत्ते (vinivṛtte) - having turned back, having ceased, having returned

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of vi-ni-vṛt

vi-ni-vṛt - to turn back, return, cease, desist, withdraw

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of root vṛt (वृत्) 'to turn' with prefixes vi (वि) and ni (नि).

Prefixes: vi+ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction with 'dinakare'

दिनकरे (dinakare) - in the sun, when the sun

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of dinakara

dinakara - sun, day-maker

Compound of dina (दिन) 'day' and kara (कर) 'maker'.

Compound type : tatpurusha (dina+kara)

• dina – day
  noun (neuter)
• kara – maker, doing, causing
  noun (masculine)
  From root kṛ (कृ) 'to do, make'.
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction with 'vinivṛtte'

प्रवृत्ते (pravṛtte) - having commenced, having begun, having advanced

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of pra-vṛt

pra-vṛt - to begin, commence, proceed, advance

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of root vṛt (वृत्) 'to turn, exist' with prefix pra (प्र) 'forth, forward'.

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction with 'uttarāyaṇe'

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

उत्तरायणे (uttarāyaṇe) - in the northern course (of the sun), when the northern course

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of uttarāyaṇa

uttarāyaṇa - northern course (uttarāyaṇa) of the sun; the period of the sun's progress from the winter to the summer solstice

Compound of uttara (उत्तर) 'northern' and ayana (अयन) 'course, going'.

Compound type : tatpurusha (uttara+ayana)

• uttara – northern, upper, later
  adjective (neuter)
• ayana – going, course, path, motion
  noun (neuter)
  From root i (इ) 'to go' with suffix -ana (-अन).
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction with 'pravṛtte'