महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-122, verse-13

यदेव ददतः पुण्यं तदेव प्रतिगृह्णतः ।
न ह्येकचक्रं वर्तेत इत्येवमृषयो विदुः ॥१३॥

13. yadeva dadataḥ puṇyaṁ tadeva pratigṛhṇataḥ ,
na hyekacakraṁ varteta ityevamṛṣayo viduḥ.

13. yat eva dadataḥ puṇyam tat eva pratigṛhṇataḥ
na hi ekacakram varteta iti evam ṛṣayaḥ viduḥ

13. yat eva puṇyam dadataḥ (bhavati),
tat eva pratigṛhṇataḥ (bhavati).
hi ekacakram na varteta,
iti evam ṛṣayaḥ viduḥ.

13. Whatever merit (puṇya) is generated by the giver, exactly that same merit accrues to the recipient. For a single wheel cannot turn on its own; thus, the sages understand this principle.

Words meanings summery:

• यत् (yat) - whatever, which, what

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, exactly

• ददतः (dadataḥ) - of the giver, to the giver

• पुण्यम् (puṇyam) - merit (puṇya) (merit, virtue, religious or moral excellence)

• तत् (tat) - that, it

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, exactly

• प्रतिगृह्णतः (pratigṛhṇataḥ) - of the recipient, to the recipient

• न (na) - not, no, nor

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for, because

• एकचक्रम् (ekacakram) - a single wheel

• वर्तेत (varteta) - cannot turn on its own (would turn, should turn, would exist)

• इति (iti) - thus, in this manner, indicates a quote or conclusion

• एवम् (evam) - thus, so, in this way

• ऋषयः (ṛṣayaḥ) - sages, seers

• विदुः (viduḥ) - they know, they understand

Words meanings and morphology

यत् (yat) - whatever, which, what

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who (relative pronoun)

Relative pronoun, nominative singular neuter.

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, exactly

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

ददतः (dadataḥ) - of the giver, to the giver

(participle)

Genitive, masculine, singular of dadat

dadat - giving, a giver

Present Active Participle

From root dā (to give) + śatṛ suffix. Genitive singular masculine.

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Possessive, 'belonging to the giver'.

पुण्यम् (puṇyam) - merit (puṇya) (merit, virtue, religious or moral excellence)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of puṇya

puṇya - merit, virtue, good deed, holy, auspicious

From root puṇ (to be pure, to purify).

Root: puṇ (class 1)

तत् (tat) - that, it

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

Nominative singular neuter. Correlative to 'yat'.

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, exactly

(indeclinable)

प्रतिगृह्णतः (pratigṛhṇataḥ) - of the recipient, to the recipient

(participle)

Genitive, masculine, singular of pratigṛhṇat

pratigṛhṇat - receiving, an acceptor, a recipient

Present Active Participle

From prati-grah (to accept) + śatṛ suffix. Genitive singular masculine.

Prefix: prati

Root: grah (class 9)

Note: Possessive, 'belonging to the recipient'.

न (na) - not, no, nor

(indeclinable)

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for, because

(indeclinable)

एकचक्रम् (ekacakram) - a single wheel

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ekacakra

ekacakra - a single wheel, having one wheel

Compound of eka (one) + cakra (wheel).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (eka+cakra)

• eka – one, a single
  numeral (neuter)
• cakra – wheel, discus, circle
  noun (neuter)
  From root kṛ (to make, to do).
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

वर्तेत (varteta) - cannot turn on its own (would turn, should turn, would exist)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, optative (vidhiliṅ) of vṛt

Optative Mood, Middle Voice

From root vṛt (I Ā) 'to turn, exist'. Optative 3rd singular middle.

Root: vṛt (class 1)

इति (iti) - thus, in this manner, indicates a quote or conclusion

(indeclinable)

एवम् (evam) - thus, so, in this way

(indeclinable)

Adverb.

ऋषयः (ṛṣayaḥ) - sages, seers

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - a seer, an inspired poet or sage, a saint

From root ṛṣ (to go, to move).

Root: ṛṣ (class 1)

विदुः (viduḥ) - they know, they understand

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of vid

Present Tense, Active Voice (often used as Perfect)

From root vid (II P) 'to know'. 3rd plural, either present (laṭ) or perfect (liṭ), often used in a present sense.

Root: vid (class 2)