महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-121, verse-9

व्यास उवाच ।
अतिच्छेदातिवादाभ्यां स्मयोऽयं समुपागतः ।
असत्यं वेदवचनं कस्माद्वेदोऽनृतं वदेत् ॥९॥

9. vyāsa uvāca ,
aticchedātivādābhyāṁ smayo'yaṁ samupāgataḥ ,
asatyaṁ vedavacanaṁ kasmādvedo'nṛtaṁ vadet.

9. vyāsa uvāca aticchedātivādābhyām smayaḥ ayam samupāgataḥ
asatyam vedavacanam kasmāt vedaḥ anṛtam vadet

9. vyāsa uvāca aticchedātivādābhyām ayam smayaḥ samupāgataḥ
vedavacanam asatyam kasmāt vedaḥ anṛtam vadet

9. Vyasa said: "This pride has arisen due to excessive cutting and excessive disputation. How could a Vedic statement be false? Why would the Veda ever speak untruth?"

Words meanings summery:

• व्यास (vyāsa) - The sage Vyasa (Vyasa, a celebrated sage, compiler of Vedas)

• उवाच (uvāca) - (Vyasa) said (said, spoke)

• अतिच्छेदातिवादाभ्याम् (aticchedātivādābhyām) - due to excessive cutting and excessive disputation (by excessive cutting and excessive speaking/dispute)

• स्मयः (smayaḥ) - pride, arrogance (arrogance, pride, wonder)

• अयम् (ayam) - this (pride) (this, he)

• समुपागतः (samupāgataḥ) - has arisen, has come about (arrived, approached, come about, arisen)

• असत्यम् (asatyam) - false (untrue, false, unreal)

• वेदवचनम् (vedavacanam) - a statement from the Veda (Vedic statement, scriptural utterance)

• कस्मात् (kasmāt) - why, how (why, from what, on what account)

• वेदः (vedaḥ) - the Veda (as a scripture) (Veda, sacred knowledge)

• अनृतम् (anṛtam) - untruth (untruth, falsehood, lie)

• वदेत् (vadet) - should speak (untruth) (should speak, may speak)

Words meanings and morphology

व्यास (vyāsa) - The sage Vyasa (Vyasa, a celebrated sage, compiler of Vedas)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vyāsa

vyāsa - A celebrated sage, compiler of the Vedas, son of Parashara and Satyavati

उवाच (uvāca) - (Vyasa) said (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

perfect

Perfect active 3rd person singular of √vac

Root: vac (class 2)

अतिच्छेदातिवादाभ्याम् (aticchedātivādābhyām) - due to excessive cutting and excessive disputation (by excessive cutting and excessive speaking/dispute)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, dual of aticchedātivāda

aticchedātivāda - Excessive cutting and excessive speaking/disputation

Compound type : dvandva (aticcheda+ativāda)

• aticcheda – Excessive cutting, over-cutting
  noun (masculine)
  Compound of ati (prefix) and cheda (cutting)
  Prefix: ati
  Root: chid (class 7)
• ativāda – Excessive speaking, abuse, dispute, blame
  noun (masculine)
  Compound of ati (prefix) and vāda (speech, dispute)
  Prefix: ati
  Root: vad (class 1)

स्मयः (smayaḥ) - pride, arrogance (arrogance, pride, wonder)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of smaya

smaya - Pride, arrogance, wonder, astonishment

Derived from √smi (to smile)

Root: smi (class 1)

अयम् (ayam) - this (pride) (this, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - This, here, now

समुपागतः (samupāgataḥ) - has arisen, has come about (arrived, approached, come about, arisen)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samupāgata

samupāgata - Arrived, approached, come together, obtained

Past Passive Participle

From sam-upa-ā-gam (to come near, to approach)

Prefixes: sam+upa+ā

Root: gam (class 1)

असत्यम् (asatyam) - false (untrue, false, unreal)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of asatya

asatya - Untrue, false, unreal, not true

Compound of a (negation) and satya (true)

वेदवचनम् (vedavacanam) - a statement from the Veda (Vedic statement, scriptural utterance)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vedavacana

vedavacana - Vedic word, scriptural statement, utterance of the Veda

Compound of veda (Veda) and vacana (utterance)

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (veda+vacana)

• veda – Sacred knowledge, Veda
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vid (class 2)
• vacana – Speaking, saying, word, statement
  noun (neuter)
  action noun
  From √vac + ana
  Root: vac (class 2)

कस्मात् (kasmāt) - why, how (why, from what, on what account)

(pronoun)

Ablative, singular of kim

kim - Who, what, which, why

Note: Used adverbially to mean "why" or "how"

वेदः (vedaḥ) - the Veda (as a scripture) (Veda, sacred knowledge)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of veda

veda - Sacred knowledge, Veda (as a scripture)

Derived from √vid (to know)

Root: vid (class 2)

अनृतम् (anṛtam) - untruth (untruth, falsehood, lie)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of anṛta

anṛta - Untruth, falsehood, lie; also adjective: untrue, false

Compound of a (negation) and ṛta (truth, cosmic order)

वदेत् (vadet) - should speak (untruth) (should speak, may speak)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of vad

optative

Optative active 3rd person singular of √vad

Root: vad (class 1)