महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-121, verse-17

यथा वेदाः स्वधीताश्च यथा चेन्द्रियसंयमः ।
सर्वत्यागो यथा चेह तथा दानमनुत्तमम् ॥१७॥

17. yathā vedāḥ svadhītāśca yathā cendriyasaṁyamaḥ ,
sarvatyāgo yathā ceha tathā dānamanuttamam.

17. yathā vedāḥ svadhītāḥ ca yathā ca indriyasaṃyamaḥ
sarvatyāgaḥ yathā ca iha tathā dānam anuttamam

17. yathā svadhītāḥ vedāḥ ca yathā indriyasaṃyamaḥ ca
yathā iha sarvatyāgaḥ ca tathā dānam anuttamam

17. Just as the Vedas, when properly studied, and just as the control of the senses, and just as complete renunciation in this world, so too is giving (dāna) considered supreme.

Words meanings summery:

• यथा (yathā) - just as (just as, as, like)

• वेदाः (vedāḥ) - the Vedas (scriptures) (the Vedas, sacred knowledge)

• स्वधीताः (svadhītāḥ) - properly studied (referring to the Vedas) (well-studied, properly learned)

• च (ca) - and

• यथा (yathā) - just as (just as, as, like)

• च (ca) - and

• इन्द्रियसंयमः (indriyasaṁyamaḥ) - control of the senses (control of the senses, sense-restraint)

• सर्वत्यागः (sarvatyāgaḥ) - complete renunciation (complete renunciation, abandonment of everything)

• यथा (yathā) - just as (just as, as, like)

• च (ca) - and

• इह (iha) - in this world (here, in this world)

• तथा (tathā) - so too, in that way (so, thus, in that way)

• दानम् (dānam) - giving (charitable acts) (giving, gift, charity)

• अनुत्तमम् (anuttamam) - supreme (unsurpassed, excellent, supreme)

Words meanings and morphology

यथा (yathā) - just as (just as, as, like)

(indeclinable)

वेदाः (vedāḥ) - the Vedas (scriptures) (the Vedas, sacred knowledge)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of veda

veda - knowledge, sacred knowledge, Veda

From √vid 'to know'

Root: vid (class 2)

स्वधीताः (svadhītāḥ) - properly studied (referring to the Vedas) (well-studied, properly learned)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of svadhīta

svadhīta - well-studied, properly learned, recited

Past Passive Participle

Compound of su (good) and adhīta (studied)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (su+adhīta)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
• adhīta – studied, learned, recited
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From prefix adhi- + root i- (to go, study)
  Prefix: adhi
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: Modifies 'vedāḥ'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

यथा (yathā) - just as (just as, as, like)

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

इन्द्रियसंयमः (indriyasaṁyamaḥ) - control of the senses (control of the senses, sense-restraint)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of indriyasaṃyama

indriyasaṁyama - control of the senses, sense-restraint

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (indriya+saṃyama)

• indriya – sense-organ, faculty of sense
  noun (neuter)
• saṃyama – restraint, control, self-control
  noun (masculine)
  From sam- + √yam (to restrain)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: yam (class 1)

सर्वत्यागः (sarvatyāgaḥ) - complete renunciation (complete renunciation, abandonment of everything)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sarvatyāga

sarvatyāga - complete abandonment, renunciation of everything

Compound type : karmadhāraya (sarva+tyāga)

• sarva – all, every, complete
  adjective (masculine)
• tyāga – abandonment, renunciation, sacrifice
  noun (masculine)
  From √tyaj (to abandon)
  Root: tyaj (class 1)

यथा (yathā) - just as (just as, as, like)

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

इह (iha) - in this world (here, in this world)

(indeclinable)

तथा (tathā) - so too, in that way (so, thus, in that way)

(indeclinable)

Note: Corresponds to 'yathā'.

दानम् (dānam) - giving (charitable acts) (giving, gift, charity)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dāna

dāna - giving, gift, donation, charity

From √dā (to give)

Root: dā (class 1)

Note: Subject of the implicit verb 'is'.

अनुत्तमम् (anuttamam) - supreme (unsurpassed, excellent, supreme)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of anuttama

anuttama - unsurpassed, excellent, supreme, best

Compound of a (negative) + uttama (best)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+uttama)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• uttama – highest, best, supreme
  adjective (neuter)
  Superlative of ud- or a form of 'highest'
  Prefix: ud

Note: Modifies 'dānam'.