महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-108, verse-4

अन्धः स्यादन्धवेलायां जडः स्यादपि वा बुधः ।
परिहारेण तद्ब्रूयाद्यस्तेषां स्याद्व्यतिक्रमः ॥४॥

4. andhaḥ syādandhavelāyāṁ jaḍaḥ syādapi vā budhaḥ ,
parihāreṇa tadbrūyādyasteṣāṁ syādvyatikramaḥ.

4. andhaḥ syāt andhavelāyām jaḍaḥ syāt api vā budhaḥ
parihāreṇa tat brūyāt yaḥ teṣām syāt vyatikramaḥ

4. andhaḥ syāt andhavelāyām vā budhaḥ api jaḍaḥ syāt
yaḥ teṣām vyatikramaḥ syāt tat parihāreṇa brūyāt

4. One might be blind in a time of ignorance, or even a wise person might be dull. Therefore, he who would speak of their transgression should do so with tact and avoidance (indirectly).

Words meanings summery:

• अन्धः (andhaḥ) - ignorant (blind, ignorant)

• स्यात् (syāt) - might be (might be, should be, would be)

• अन्धवेलायाम् (andhavelāyām) - in a time of ignorance (in a time of blindness, in a period of ignorance)

• जडः (jaḍaḥ) - dull, inert (dull, inert, foolish, stiff)

• स्यात् (syāt) - might be (might be, should be, would be)

• अपि (api) - even (even, also, too)

• वा (vā) - or (or, either)

• बुधः (budhaḥ) - a wise person (wise, learned, a wise person)

• परिहारेण (parihāreṇa) - with tact and avoidance (indirectly) (by avoidance, with tact, indirectly, by relinquishing)

• तत् (tat) - that (transgression) (that, therefore)

• ब्रूयात् (brūyāt) - should speak (should speak, would speak)

• यः (yaḥ) - he who (who, which)

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - of theirs (of them, their)

• स्यात् (syāt) - might be, should be (might be, should be, would be)

• व्यतिक्रमः (vyatikramaḥ) - transgression (transgression, violation, offense, error)

Words meanings and morphology

अन्धः (andhaḥ) - ignorant (blind, ignorant)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of andha

andha - blind, dark, ignorant, heedless

From √andh (to make blind, to be blind)

Root: andh (class 1)

स्यात् (syāt) - might be (might be, should be, would be)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of as

Optative Active

Optative 3rd person singular, parasmaipada of √as (to be)

Root: as (class 2)

अन्धवेलायाम् (andhavelāyām) - in a time of ignorance (in a time of blindness, in a period of ignorance)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of andhavelā

andhavelā - time of blindness, time of ignorance

Compound type : tatpurusha (andha+velā)

• andha – blind, ignorant
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: andh (class 1)
• velā – time, season, limit, opportunity
  noun (feminine)

जडः (jaḍaḥ) - dull, inert (dull, inert, foolish, stiff)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jaḍa

jaḍa - dull, inert, foolish, stiff, cold

स्यात् (syāt) - might be (might be, should be, would be)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of as

Optative Active

Optative 3rd person singular, parasmaipada of √as (to be)

Root: as (class 2)

अपि (api) - even (even, also, too)

(indeclinable)

वा (vā) - or (or, either)

(indeclinable)

बुधः (budhaḥ) - a wise person (wise, learned, a wise person)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of budha

budha - wise, learned, intelligent, a wise man, the planet Mercury

From √budh (to know, perceive, awaken)

Root: budh (class 1)

परिहारेण (parihāreṇa) - with tact and avoidance (indirectly) (by avoidance, with tact, indirectly, by relinquishing)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of parihāra

parihāra - avoidance, leaving, protection, excuse, tact, abandoning

From pari + √hṛ (to take away, avoid)

Prefix: pari

Root: hṛ (class 1)

तत् (tat) - that (transgression) (that, therefore)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

ब्रूयात् (brūyāt) - should speak (should speak, would speak)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of brū

Optative Active

Optative 3rd person singular, parasmaipada of √brū (to speak)

Root: brū (class 2)

यः (yaḥ) - he who (who, which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what

तेषाम् (teṣām) - of theirs (of them, their)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Can be masculine, feminine or neuter plural genitive.

स्यात् (syāt) - might be, should be (might be, should be, would be)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of as

Optative Active

Optative 3rd person singular, parasmaipada of √as (to be)

Root: as (class 2)

व्यतिक्रमः (vyatikramaḥ) - transgression (transgression, violation, offense, error)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vyatikrama

vyatikrama - transgression, violation, passing over, error, excess

From vi + ati + √kram (to step, pass over)

Prefixes: vi+ati

Root: kram (class 1)