महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-6, verse-1

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
एतावदुक्त्वा देवर्षिर्विरराम स नारदः ।
युधिष्ठिरस्तु राजर्षिर्दध्यौ शोकपरिप्लुतः ॥१॥

1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
etāvaduktvā devarṣirvirarāma sa nāradaḥ ,
yudhiṣṭhirastu rājarṣirdadhyau śokapariplutaḥ.

1. vaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca etāvat uktvā devarṣiḥ virarāma saḥ
nāradaḥ yudhiṣṭhiraḥ tu rājarṣiḥ dadhyau śokapariplutaḥ

1. vaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca saḥ devarṣiḥ nāradaḥ etāvat uktvā
virarāma tu rājarṣiḥ śokapariplutaḥ yudhiṣṭhiraḥ dadhyau

1. Vaiśaṃpāyana said: Having spoken these words, the divine sage Nārada fell silent. But the royal sage Yudhishthira, overwhelmed by sorrow, became deeply contemplative.

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaiśaṃpāyana

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• एतावत् (etāvat) - thus much, so much

• उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said, having spoken

• देवर्षिः (devarṣiḥ) - divine sage, Rishi among gods

• विरराम (virarāma) - ceased, stopped, rested

• सः (saḥ) - that (referring to Nārada) (that, he)

• नारदः (nāradaḥ) - Nārada

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira

• तु (tu) - but, on the other hand

• राजर्षिः (rājarṣiḥ) - royal sage, kingly sage

• दध्यौ (dadhyau) - meditated, reflected, became thoughtful

• शोकपरिप्लुतः (śokapariplutaḥ) - overwhelmed by sorrow, immersed in grief

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaiśaṃpāyana

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - Vaiśaṃpāyana (a sage, disciple of Vyāsa, narrator of the Mahābhārata)

Note: Subject of `uvāca`.

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice, of root VAC (class 2). Irregular formation.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Perfect tense, 3rd person singular.

एतावत् (etāvat) - thus much, so much

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etāvat

etāvat - so much, thus much, so far, to this extent

Note: Qualifies the action of `uktvā`.

उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said, having spoken

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Derived from root VAC (to speak) with suffix -tvā

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Absolutive (gerund).

देवर्षिः (devarṣiḥ) - divine sage, Rishi among gods

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of devarṣi

devarṣi - divine sage (like Narada, Agastya)

Compound type : tatpurusha (deva+ṛṣi)

• deva – god, divine
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣi – sage, seer
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of `virarāma`.

विरराम (virarāma) - ceased, stopped, rested

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of ram

Perfect Active

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice, of root RAM (class 1) with prefix VI

Prefix: vi

Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Perfect tense, 3rd person singular.

सः (saḥ) - that (referring to Nārada) (that, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Demonstrative pronoun.

नारदः (nāradaḥ) - Nārada

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nārada

nārada - Nārada (a divine sage, messenger of gods)

Note: Apposition to `devarṣiḥ` and `saḥ`.

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhishthira (eldest of the Pāṇḍavas)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (yudhi+sthira)

• yudhi – in battle (locative of yudh)
  indeclinable
• sthira – firm, steady, stable
  adjective

Note: Subject of `dadhyau`.

तु (tu) - but, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

राजर्षिः (rājarṣiḥ) - royal sage, kingly sage

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājarṣi

rājarṣi - royal sage, king who is also a sage

Compound type : tatpurusha (rājan+ṛṣi)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣi – sage, seer
  noun (masculine)

Note: Apposition to `yudhiṣṭhiraḥ`.

दध्यौ (dadhyau) - meditated, reflected, became thoughtful

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of dhyai

Perfect Active

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice, of root DHYAI (class 1). Irregular formation (root DHYĀ is also used).

Root: dhyai (class 1)

Note: Perfect tense, 3rd person singular.

शोकपरिप्लुतः (śokapariplutaḥ) - overwhelmed by sorrow, immersed in grief

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śokaparipluta

śokaparipluta - overwhelmed by sorrow, drowned in grief

Compound type : tatpurusha (śoka+paripluta)

• śoka – sorrow, grief, lamentation
  noun (masculine)
• paripluta – overflowed, immersed, overwhelmed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root PLU (to float, swim) with prefix PARI (around, completely)
  Prefix: pari
  Root: plu (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `yudhiṣṭhiraḥ`.