महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-42, verse-8

स तेषामनृणो भूत्वा गत्वा लोकेष्ववाच्यताम् ।
कृतकृत्योऽभवद्राजा प्रजा धर्मेण पालयन् ॥८॥

8. sa teṣāmanṛṇo bhūtvā gatvā lokeṣvavācyatām ,
kṛtakṛtyo'bhavadrājā prajā dharmeṇa pālayan.

8. saḥ teṣām anṛṇaḥ bhūtvā gatvā lokeṣu avācyatām
kṛtakṛtyaḥ abhavat rājā prajāḥ dharmeṇa pālayan

8. saḥ rājā teṣām anṛṇaḥ bhūtvā lokeṣu avācyatām
gatvā dharmeṇa prajāḥ pālayan kṛtakṛtyaḥ abhavat

8. Having become free from debt (anṛṇaḥ) to them and having attained blamelessness in the worlds, that king became fulfilled (kṛtakṛtyaḥ) by protecting his subjects in accordance with natural law (dharma).

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them

• अनृणः (anṛṇaḥ) - free from debt, unindebted

• भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having become

• गत्वा (gatvā) - having gone, having attained

• लोकेषु (lokeṣu) - in the worlds, among people

• अवाच्यताम् (avācyatām) - blamelessness, state of being unblamable

• कृतकृत्यः (kṛtakṛtyaḥ) - one who has accomplished his duty, fulfilled

• अभवत् (abhavat) - he became, he was

• राजा (rājā) - the king

• प्रजाः (prajāḥ) - subjects, offspring, creatures

• धर्मेण (dharmeṇa) - in accordance with natural law (dharma) (by (his) natural law, by righteousness, justly)

• पालयन् (pālayan) - protecting, guarding

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, those

तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

अनृणः (anṛṇaḥ) - free from debt, unindebted

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anṛṇa

anṛṇa - free from debt, unindebted

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+ṛṇa)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• ṛṇa – debt, obligation
  noun (neuter)

भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having become

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Root: bhū (class 1)

गत्वा (gatvā) - having gone, having attained

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Root: gam (class 1)

लोकेषु (lokeṣu) - in the worlds, among people

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of loka

loka - world, realm, people

अवाच्यताम् (avācyatām) - blamelessness, state of being unblamable

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of avācyatā

avācyatā - blamelessness, non-reproachability

from avācya + tā (abstract suffix)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+vācya+tā)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• vācya – speakable, blamable, fit to be spoken
  adjective (neuter)
  gerundive
  Root: vac (class 2)
• tā – state, -ness
  suffix (feminine)

कृतकृत्यः (kṛtakṛtyaḥ) - one who has accomplished his duty, fulfilled

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛtakṛtya

kṛtakṛtya - one who has done what ought to be done, fulfilled, accomplished

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kṛta+kṛtya)

• kṛta – done, performed
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• kṛtya – duty, that which should be done
  noun (neuter)
  gerundive
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

अभवत् (abhavat) - he became, he was

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

राजा (rājā) - the king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

प्रजाः (prajāḥ) - subjects, offspring, creatures

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of prajā

prajā - offspring, progeny, subjects, people

Prefix: pra

Root: jan (class 4)

धर्मेण (dharmeṇa) - in accordance with natural law (dharma) (by (his) natural law, by righteousness, justly)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, righteousness, duty, virtue, cosmic order

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

पालयन् (pālayan) - protecting, guarding

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pālayan

pālayat - protecting, guarding

Present Active Participle

Present participle of causative stem pālay- from √pā

Root: pā (class 2)