महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-302, verse-5

द्वंद्वमेषां त्रयाणां तु संनिपातं च तत्त्वतः ।
सत्त्वस्य रजसश्चैव तमसश्च शृणुष्व मे ॥५॥

5. dvaṁdvameṣāṁ trayāṇāṁ tu saṁnipātaṁ ca tattvataḥ ,
sattvasya rajasaścaiva tamasaśca śṛṇuṣva me.

5. dvandvam eṣām trayāṇām tu sannipātam ca tattvataḥ
sattvasya rajasas ca eva tamasas ca śṛṇuṣva me

5. एषां त्रयाणाम् द्वंद्वम्,
च तत्त्वतः संनिपातम् तु,
सत्त्वस्य रजसः च एव तमसः च मे शृणुष्व ।

5. Now, hear from me in essence about the pair-like interaction of these three, and their combination: namely, of purity (sattva), passion (rajas), and ignorance (tamas).

Words meanings summery:

• द्वन्द्वम् (dvandvam) - the duality or pair-like interaction (of the guṇas) (pair, duality, conflict, compound)

• एषाम् (eṣām) - of these (three guṇas) (of these)

• त्रयाणाम् (trayāṇām) - of the three (qualities/guṇas) (of the three)

• तु (tu) - now (introducing a new topic) (but, however, indeed, now)

• सन्निपातम् (sannipātam) - the combination or interaction (of the guṇas) (combination, conjunction, collection, concurrence)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• तत्त्वतः (tattvataḥ) - in essence, regarding their true nature (in truth, in essence, truly, really)

• सत्त्वस्य (sattvasya) - of the quality of purity (sattva) (of sattva, of purity, of goodness)

• रजसस् (rajasas) - of the quality of passion (rajas) (of rajas, of passion, of activity)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• एव (eva) - indeed, emphasizing the inclusion (indeed, certainly, only, just)

• तमसस् (tamasas) - of the quality of ignorance (tamas) (of tamas, of darkness, of ignorance)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• शृणुष्व (śṛṇuṣva) - (you) hear (from me) (listen, hear)

• मे (me) - from me (from me, to me, my)

Words meanings and morphology

द्वन्द्वम् (dvandvam) - the duality or pair-like interaction (of the guṇas) (pair, duality, conflict, compound)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dvandva

dvandva - pair, couple, duality, conflict, struggle, a type of compound

from dvi (two)

एषाम् (eṣām) - of these (three guṇas) (of these)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of idam

idam - this, these

Demonstrative pronoun

Note: Refers to the three guṇas mentioned implicitly

त्रयाणाम् (trayāṇām) - of the three (qualities/guṇas) (of the three)

(numeral)

Note: Agrees with 'eṣām'

तु (tu) - now (introducing a new topic) (but, however, indeed, now)

(indeclinable)

सन्निपातम् (sannipātam) - the combination or interaction (of the guṇas) (combination, conjunction, collection, concurrence)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sannipāta

sannipāta - conjunction, combination, collection, meeting, falling together

From sam + ni + pat (to fall)

Prefixes: sam+ni

Root: pat (class 1)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

तत्त्वतः (tattvataḥ) - in essence, regarding their true nature (in truth, in essence, truly, really)

(indeclinable)

from tattva (truth, reality) with suffix -tas (indicating manner or origin)

सत्त्वस्य (sattvasya) - of the quality of purity (sattva) (of sattva, of purity, of goodness)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of sattva

sattva - being, existence, reality, essence, pure quality, goodness, purity

from root as (to be)

Root: as (class 2)

रजसस् (rajasas) - of the quality of passion (rajas) (of rajas, of passion, of activity)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of rajas

rajas - dust, gloom, passion, activity, energy, quality of agitation

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, emphasizing the inclusion (indeed, certainly, only, just)

(indeclinable)

तमसस् (tamasas) - of the quality of ignorance (tamas) (of tamas, of darkness, of ignorance)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of tamas

tamas - darkness, gloom, ignorance, inertia, quality of inertia/ignorance

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

शृणुष्व (śṛṇuṣva) - (you) hear (from me) (listen, hear)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of śṛṇu

Imperative Middle

Root śru (to hear), 2nd person singular

Root: śru (class 5)

मे (me) - from me (from me, to me, my)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of mad

mad - I, me

Pronoun 'I'

Note: Used here with the meaning 'from me' or 'belonging to me' (my words/teaching).