महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-302, verse-1

याज्ञवल्क्य उवाच ।
एते प्रधानस्य गुणास्त्रयः पुरुषसत्तम ।
कृत्स्नस्य चैव जगतस्तिष्ठन्त्यनपगाः सदा ॥१॥

1. yājñavalkya uvāca ,
ete pradhānasya guṇāstrayaḥ puruṣasattama ,
kṛtsnasya caiva jagatastiṣṭhantyanapagāḥ sadā.

1. yājñavalkya uvāca ete pradānasya guṇāḥ trayaḥ puruṣasattama
kṛtsnasya ca eva jagataḥ tiṣṭhanti anapagāḥ sadā

1. yājñavalkya uvāca: puruṣasattama,
ete trayaḥ guṇāḥ pradhānasya (santi).
ca eva kṛtsnasya jagataḥ anapagāḥ sadā tiṣṭhanti.

1. Yājñavalkya said: 'O best among men, these three qualities (guṇa) belong to the primary material principle (pradhāna). And indeed, they always remain ever-present and non-departing throughout the entire universe.'

Words meanings summery:

• याज्ञवल्क्य (yājñavalkya) - Yājñavalkya (a sage)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• एते (ete) - these (masculine plural)

• प्रदानस्य (pradānasya) - of the primary material principle (pradhāna) (of the primary material principle, of Prakṛti, of the chief)

• गुणाः (guṇāḥ) - the qualities (guṇa) of Prakṛti (qualities, characteristics)

• त्रयः (trayaḥ) - three

• पुरुषसत्तम (puruṣasattama) - O best among men

• कृत्स्नस्य (kṛtsnasya) - of the entire, of the whole

• च (ca) - and

• एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

• जगतः (jagataḥ) - of the world, of the universe

• तिष्ठन्ति (tiṣṭhanti) - they stand, they exist, they abide

• अनपगाः (anapagāḥ) - never departing, always present, inherent

• सदा (sadā) - always, ever

Words meanings and morphology

याज्ञवल्क्य (yājñavalkya) - Yājñavalkya (a sage)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yājñavalkya

yājñavalkya - Name of a celebrated ancient sage and legislator

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (Lit) of √vac

perfect active indicative

Irregular perfect formation of √vac.

Root: √vac (class 2)

एते (ete) - these (masculine plural)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of etad

etad - this, these

Demonstrative pronoun

Note: Referring to the list of qualities.

प्रदानस्य (pradānasya) - of the primary material principle (pradhāna) (of the primary material principle, of Prakṛti, of the chief)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of pradhāna

pradhāna - chief, principal, primary material principle (Prakṛti in Sāṃkhya philosophy)

From pra- (forth) + √dhā (to place, set, hold) + -ana suffix

Prefix: pra

Root: √dhā (class 3)

गुणाः (guṇāḥ) - the qualities (guṇa) of Prakṛti (qualities, characteristics)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of guṇa

guṇa - quality, attribute, characteristic, virtue, strand, constituent of prakṛti

त्रयः (trayaḥ) - three

(numeral)

पुरुषसत्तम (puruṣasattama) - O best among men

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of puruṣasattama

puruṣasattama - best among men

Tatpuruṣa compound of puruṣa (man) and sattama (best). Used as a vocative.

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (puruṣa+sattama)

• puruṣa – man, human being, person
  noun (masculine)
• sattama – best, excellent, most eminent
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative suffix -tama

कृत्स्नस्य (kṛtsnasya) - of the entire, of the whole

(adjective)

Genitive, neuter, singular of kṛtsna

kṛtsna - all, whole, entire, complete

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

(indeclinable)

जगतः (jagataḥ) - of the world, of the universe

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of jagat

jagat - moving, living; the world, the universe

Present Active Participle

From √gam (to go) + -at suffix

Root: √gam (class 1)

तिष्ठन्ति (tiṣṭhanti) - they stand, they exist, they abide

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (Laṭ) of √sthā

present active indicative

Class 1 verb (tiṣṭhati).

Root: √sthā (class 1)

अनपगाः (anapagāḥ) - never departing, always present, inherent

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of anapaga

anapaga - not departing, not failing, constant, permanent, inherent

From an- (negation) + apa- (away) + √gam (to go) + -a suffix (denoting agent/state). Literally "not going away".

Compound type : Nañ-tatpuruṣa (an+apaga)

• an – not, non-
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• apaga – departing, going away
  adjective (masculine)
  From apa- (away) + √gam (to go) + -a suffix
  Prefix: apa
  Root: √gam (class 1)

Note: Predicative adjective for 'guṇāḥ'.

सदा (sadā) - always, ever

(indeclinable)