महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-246, verse-5

यस्तान्पाशान्वशे कृत्वा तं वृक्षमपकर्षति ।
गतः स दुःखयोरन्तं यतमानस्तयोर्द्वयोः ॥५॥

5. yastānpāśānvaśe kṛtvā taṁ vṛkṣamapakarṣati ,
gataḥ sa duḥkhayorantaṁ yatamānastayordvayoḥ.

5. yaḥ tān pāśān vaśe kṛtvā tam vṛkṣam apakarṣati
gataḥ saḥ duḥkhayoḥ antam yatamānaḥ tayoḥ dvayoḥ

5. yaḥ tān pāśān vaśe kṛtvā tam vṛkṣam apakarṣati
saḥ tayoḥ dvayoḥ yatamānaḥ duḥkhayoḥ antam gataḥ

5. Whoever, by bringing those bonds of attachment under control, uproots that tree (of worldly existence), he, striving against those two (sources of misery), reaches the end of his sorrows.

Words meanings summery:

• यः (yaḥ) - whoever (who, whoever, which)

• तान् (tān) - those (those, them)

• पाशान् (pāśān) - bonds of attachment (bonds, fetters, snares)

• वशे (vaśe) - under control (under control, in one's power)

• कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having brought (having done, having made)

• तम् (tam) - that (that, him, it)

• वृक्षम् (vṛkṣam) - tree (symbolizing worldly existence or desire) (tree)

• अपकर्षति (apakarṣati) - uproots (pulls down, uproots, drags away)

• गतः (gataḥ) - reached (gone, reached, attained)

• सः (saḥ) - he (he, that)

• दुःखयोः (duḥkhayoḥ) - of sorrows (of miseries, of pains (dual))

• अन्तम् (antam) - end (end, limit, boundary)

• यतमानः (yatamānaḥ) - striving (striving, endeavoring, making an effort)

• तयोः (tayoḥ) - of those two (of those two, from those two)

• द्वयोः (dvayoḥ) - of the two (of two, of both)

Words meanings and morphology

यः (yaḥ) - whoever (who, whoever, which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who, whoever

तान् (tān) - those (those, them)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

पाशान् (pāśān) - bonds of attachment (bonds, fetters, snares)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pāśa

pāśa - rope, snare, bond, fetter, noose

वशे (vaśe) - under control (under control, in one's power)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of vaśa

vaśa - will, power, control, authority

Note: Used idiomatically with kṛtvā to mean 'to bring under control'.

कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having brought (having done, having made)

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

Derived from root kṛ (to do, make) with suffix -tvā

Root: kṛ (class 8)

तम् (tam) - that (that, him, it)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to vṛkṣam.

वृक्षम् (vṛkṣam) - tree (symbolizing worldly existence or desire) (tree)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vṛkṣa

vṛkṣa - tree

अपकर्षति (apakarṣati) - uproots (pulls down, uproots, drags away)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of kṛṣ

Present Active Indicative

Root kṛṣ, Class 1, conjugated with upasarga apa-

Prefix: apa

Root: kṛṣ (class 1)

गतः (gataḥ) - reached (gone, reached, attained)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gata

gam - to go, move, reach, attain

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root gam (to go) with suffix -ta

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Used here like a finite verb with 'saḥ'.

सः (saḥ) - he (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

दुःखयोः (duḥkhayoḥ) - of sorrows (of miseries, of pains (dual))

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, dual of duḥkha

duḥkha - suffering, pain, sorrow, misery, unhappiness

Note: Refers to 'the two sorrows/miseries' or 'the end of both sorrows'.

अन्तम् (antam) - end (end, limit, boundary)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of anta

anta - end, limit, boundary, proximity

यतमानः (yatamānaḥ) - striving (striving, endeavoring, making an effort)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yatamāna

yat - to strive, endeavor, attempt

Present Middle Participle

Derived from root yat (to strive) with suffix -māna

Root: yat (class 1)

तयोः (tayoḥ) - of those two (of those two, from those two)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine/neuter, dual of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the dual causes or aspects of misery.

द्वयोः (dvayoḥ) - of the two (of two, of both)

(numeral)

Note: Emphasizes the duality mentioned by tayoḥ.