महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-23, verse-12

एतानि राज्ञां कर्माणि सुकृतानि विशां पते ।
इमं लोकममुं लोकं साधयन्तीति नः श्रुतम् ॥१२॥

12. etāni rājñāṁ karmāṇi sukṛtāni viśāṁ pate ,
imaṁ lokamamuṁ lokaṁ sādhayantīti naḥ śrutam.

12. etāni rājñām karmāṇi sukṛtāni viśām pate imam
lokam amum lokam sādhayanti iti naḥ śrutam

12. viśām pate rājñām etāni sukṛtāni karmāṇi imam
lokam amum lokam sādhayanti iti naḥ śrutam

12. O lord of the people, it is heard by us that these well-performed actions (karma) of kings secure both this world and the next.

Words meanings summery:

• एतानि (etāni) - these

• राज्ञाम् (rājñām) - of kings

• कर्माणि (karmāṇi) - kingly duties, actions (actions, deeds, duties)

• सुकृतानि (sukṛtāni) - well-performed (duties/actions) (well-done, meritorious, virtuous)

• विशाम् (viśām) - of the people, of the subjects

• पते (pate) - O lord, O master

• इमम् (imam) - this

• लोकम् (lokam) - world, realm

• अमुम् (amum) - that, yonder

• लोकम् (lokam) - world, realm

• साधयन्ति (sādhayanti) - they accomplish, they secure, they bring about

• इति (iti) - thus, in this manner, that (introduces quoted or reported speech/thought)

• नः (naḥ) - by us, to us, our

• श्रुतम् (śrutam) - it is heard (heard, listened, revealed knowledge)

Words meanings and morphology

एतानि (etāni) - these

(pronoun)

neuter, plural of etad

etad - this, these

Note: Forms for neuter plural nom/acc are identical.

राज्ञाम् (rājñām) - of kings

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

कर्माणि (karmāṇi) - kingly duties, actions (actions, deeds, duties)

(noun)

neuter, plural of karman

karman - action, deed, ritual, fate, effect of actions

Derived from root kṛ (to do) + suffix -man

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Forms for neuter plural nom/acc are identical.

सुकृतानि (sukṛtāni) - well-performed (duties/actions) (well-done, meritorious, virtuous)

(adjective)

neuter, plural of sukṛta

sukṛta - well-done, meritorious deed, virtuous

Past Passive Participle

Formed from su (good) + kṛta (done)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+kṛta)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
• kṛta – done, made, performed
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root kṛ (to do) + ta
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Agrees with `karmāṇi`.

विशाम् (viśām) - of the people, of the subjects

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of viś

viś - people, subjects, community

पते (pate) - O lord, O master

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pati

pati - lord, master, husband, owner

Note: Used in address (O lord of the people).

इमम् (imam) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this

Note: Agrees with `lokam`.

लोकम् (lokam) - world, realm

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of loka

loka - world, realm, people

Note: Object of `sādhayanti`.

अमुम् (amum) - that, yonder

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of adas

adas - that, yonder

Note: Agrees with `lokam`.

लोकम् (lokam) - world, realm

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of loka

loka - world, realm, people

Note: Object of `sādhayanti`.

साधयन्ति (sādhayanti) - they accomplish, they secure, they bring about

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of sādh

Root: sādh (class 5)

Note: The implied subject is `etāni karmāṇi` (these actions).

इति (iti) - thus, in this manner, that (introduces quoted or reported speech/thought)

(indeclinable)

Note: Marks the end of reported speech/information.

नः (naḥ) - by us, to us, our

(pronoun)

plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Here used in the instrumental sense 'by us' with `śrutam` (it is heard).

श्रुतम् (śrutam) - it is heard (heard, listened, revealed knowledge)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śruta

śruta - heard, listened, revealed (scripture)

Past Passive Participle

From root śru (to hear) + ta

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Impersonal construction, 'it is heard by us'.