महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-23, verse-10

यज्ञो विद्या समुत्थानमसंतोषः श्रियं प्रति ।
दण्डधारणमत्युग्रं प्रजानां परिपालनम् ॥१०॥

10. yajño vidyā samutthānamasaṁtoṣaḥ śriyaṁ prati ,
daṇḍadhāraṇamatyugraṁ prajānāṁ paripālanam.

10. yajñaḥ vidyā samutthānam asantoṣaḥ śriyam prati
daṇḍa-dhāraṇam aty-ugram prajānām paripālanam

10. yajñaḥ vidyā samutthānam śriyam prati asantoṣaḥ
aty-ugram daṇḍa-dhāraṇam prajānām paripālanam

10. Ritual Vedic ritual (yajña), knowledge, vigorous exertion, dissatisfaction regarding prosperity, the very severe wielding of punishment, and the protection of the subjects.

Words meanings summery:

• यज्ञः (yajñaḥ) - ritual sacrifice, worship

• विद्या (vidyā) - knowledge, learning, science

• समुत्थानम् (samutthānam) - rising, exertion, prosperity, effort

• असन्तोषः (asantoṣaḥ) - dissatisfaction, discontentment

• श्रियम् (śriyam) - wealth, prosperity, glory, beauty

• प्रति (prati) - towards, against, concerning

• दण्ड-धारणम् (daṇḍa-dhāraṇam) - wielding of the rod (emblem of authority/punishment), exercise of power

• अत्य्-उग्रम् (aty-ugram) - very fierce, extremely terrible/strict

• प्रजानाम् (prajānām) - of the subjects, of the people

• परिपालनम् (paripālanam) - protection, preservation, governance

Words meanings and morphology

यज्ञः (yajñaḥ) - ritual sacrifice, worship

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yajña

yajña - sacrifice, oblation, worship, ritual

Root: yaj (class 1)

विद्या (vidyā) - knowledge, learning, science

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vidyā

vidyā - knowledge, learning, science, spiritual knowledge

Root: vid (class 2)

समुत्थानम् (samutthānam) - rising, exertion, prosperity, effort

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of samutthāna

samutthāna - rising, exertion, prosperity, enterprise, strong effort

Prefixes: sam+ut

Root: sthā (class 1)

असन्तोषः (asantoṣaḥ) - dissatisfaction, discontentment

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of asantoṣa

asantoṣa - dissatisfaction, discontentment, absence of contentment

Negative prefix 'a-' + santoṣa (contentment).

Compound type : nañ-tatpurusha (a+santoṣa)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
• santoṣa – contentment, satisfaction
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: sam
  Root: tuṣ (class 4)

श्रियम् (śriyam) - wealth, prosperity, glory, beauty

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śrī

śrī - prosperity, wealth, glory, beauty, well-being

प्रति (prati) - towards, against, concerning

(indeclinable)

Preposition governing accusative case.

दण्ड-धारणम् (daṇḍa-dhāraṇam) - wielding of the rod (emblem of authority/punishment), exercise of power

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of daṇḍa-dhāraṇa

daṇḍa-dhāraṇa - wielding of the rod, exercising punishment or authority

Compound type : tatpurusha (daṇḍa+dhāraṇa)

• daṇḍa – rod, staff, punishment, chastisement, government
  noun (masculine)
  Root: daṇḍ (class 10)
• dhāraṇa – holding, bearing, wielding, maintaining
  noun (neuter)
  verbal noun
  From root dhṛ (to hold, bear) with suffix -ana.
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

अत्य्-उग्रम् (aty-ugram) - very fierce, extremely terrible/strict

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of aty-ugra

aty-ugra - very fierce, extremely terrible, exceedingly violent

Compound type : pradi-tatpurusha (ati+ugra)

• ati – over, beyond, exceeding, very
  indeclinable
• ugra – fierce, terrible, severe, potent
  adjective

Note: Agrees with daṇḍa-dhāraṇam.

प्रजानाम् (prajānām) - of the subjects, of the people

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of prajā

prajā - offspring, progeny, subjects, people, creation

Prefix: pra

Root: jan (class 4)

परिपालनम् (paripālanam) - protection, preservation, governance

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of paripālana

paripālana - protection, preservation, maintenance, governing

verbal noun

From prefix pari- + root pāl (to protect) + suffix -ana.

Prefix: pari

Root: pāl (class 10)