महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-23, verse-1

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
एवमुक्तस्तु कौन्तेयो गुडाकेशेन भारत ।
नोवाच किंचित्कौरव्यस्ततो द्वैपायनोऽब्रवीत् ॥१॥

1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
evamuktastu kaunteyo guḍākeśena bhārata ,
novāca kiṁcitkauravyastato dvaipāyano'bravīt.

1. vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca evam uktaḥ tu kaunteyaḥ guḍākeśena
bhārata na uvāca kiṃcit kauravyaḥ tataḥ dvaipāyanaḥ abravīt

1. vaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca bhārata guḍākeśena evam uktaḥ tu
kaunteyaḥ kauravyaḥ kiṃcit na uvāca tataḥ dvaipāyanaḥ abravīt

1. Vaiśampāyana said: O Bhārata, when the son of Kuntī (Arjuna) was thus addressed by Guḍākeśa, the Kuru scion (Yudhishthira) said nothing. Then, Dvaipāyana (Vyāsa) spoke.

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - Vaiśampāyana (Vaiśampāyana (name of the narrator of the Mahabharata))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (he said, spoke)

• एवम् (evam) - thus (thus, in this manner, so)

• उक्तः (uktaḥ) - addressed (said, spoken, addressed)

• तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, however)

• कौन्तेयः (kaunteyaḥ) - the son of Kuntī (Arjuna) (son of Kuntī, Arjuna)

• गुडाकेशेन (guḍākeśena) - by Guḍākeśa (Arjuna)

• भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata (O descendant of Bharata (an address to Janamejaya, the listener of the Mahabharata))

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (he said, spoke)

• किंचित् (kiṁcit) - anything, a single word (something, anything, a little)

• कौरव्यः (kauravyaḥ) - the Kuru scion (Yudhishthira) (a descendant of Kuru, a Kuru)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thence, afterwards)

• द्वैपायनः (dvaipāyanaḥ) - Dvaipāyana (Vyāsa)

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke (he spoke, said)

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - Vaiśampāyana (Vaiśampāyana (name of the narrator of the Mahabharata))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - name of a sage, a disciple of Vyāsa and narrator of the Mahābhārata

उवाच (uvāca) - said (he said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect (Lit)

Irregular perfect form of `vac`.

Root: vac (class 2)

एवम् (evam) - thus (thus, in this manner, so)

(indeclinable)

उक्तः (uktaḥ) - addressed (said, spoken, addressed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ukta

ukta - said, spoken, declared, named

Past Passive Participle

Formed from `vac` (to speak) + `kta` suffix. Root undergoes samprasarana (`vac` -> `uc`, `v` -> `u`).

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Qualifies `kaunteyaḥ`.

तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, however)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction or particle of emphasis.

कौन्तेयः (kaunteyaḥ) - the son of Kuntī (Arjuna) (son of Kuntī, Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kaunteya

kaunteya - son of Kuntī, a patronymic for Arjuna, Bhīma, Yudhishthira

Derived from `kuntī` + `ḍhak` suffix (patronymic).

Note: Subject of the implicit verb `āsīt` (was) with `uktaḥ`.

गुडाकेशेन (guḍākeśena) - by Guḍākeśa (Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of guḍākeśa

guḍākeśa - conqueror of sleep, name of Arjuna

Compound: `guḍāka` (sleep) + `īśa` (lord/conqueror).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (guḍāka+īśa)

• guḍāka – sleep, ignorance
  noun (masculine)
• īśa – lord, master, ruler
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agent of the passive participle `uktaḥ`.

भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata (O descendant of Bharata (an address to Janamejaya, the listener of the Mahabharata))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, related to Bharata, Indian

Patronymic from `bharata`.

Note: Common address by narrators in the Mahabharata.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

उवाच (uvāca) - said (he said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect (Lit)

Irregular perfect form of `vac`.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Main verb for `kauravyaḥ`.

किंचित् (kiṁcit) - anything, a single word (something, anything, a little)

(indeclinable)

Compound of `kim` (what) + `cid` (particle of indefiniteness).

Note: Functions as "nothing" due to negation `na`.

कौरव्यः (kauravyaḥ) - the Kuru scion (Yudhishthira) (a descendant of Kuru, a Kuru)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kauravya

kauravya - descendant of Kuru, belonging to the Kuru family

Patronymic from `kuru`.

Note: Subject of `na uvāca`.

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thence, afterwards)

(indeclinable)

द्वैपायनः (dvaipāyanaḥ) - Dvaipāyana (Vyāsa)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dvaipāyana

dvaipāyana - name of Vyāsa, born on an island (dvīpa)

Derived from `dvīpa` (island) + `ayana` (going, resort) or `dvīpa` + `īna` (born in).

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke (he spoke, said)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of brav

Imperfect (Laṅ)

Formed from `brū` (to speak) + augment `a` + `ī` ending.

Root: brū (class 2)