महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-158, verse-11

भक्ष्यं भोज्यमथो लेह्यं यच्चान्यत्साधु भोजनम् ।
प्रेक्षमाणेषु योऽश्नीयान्नृशंस इति तं विदुः ॥११॥

11. bhakṣyaṁ bhojyamatho lehyaṁ yaccānyatsādhu bhojanam ,
prekṣamāṇeṣu yo'śnīyānnṛśaṁsa iti taṁ viduḥ.

11. bhakṣyam bhojyam atha u lehyam yat ca anyat sādhu
bhojanam prekṣamāṇeṣu yaḥ aśnīyāt nṛśaṃsaḥ iti tam viduḥ

11. yaḥ bhakṣyam bhojyam atha u lehyam ca anyat yat sādhu bhojanam prekṣamāṇeṣu aśnīyāt,
tam nṛśaṃsaḥ iti viduḥ.

11. One who eats all kinds of good food—whether solid (bhakṣya), soft (bhojya), or licked (lehya), or any other excellent meal—while others are watching, they consider him to be a cruel person.

Words meanings summery:

• भक्ष्यम् (bhakṣyam) - solid food (food that is chewed, solid food)

• भोज्यम् (bhojyam) - soft food, general food (food that is eaten, edible; enjoyable)

• अथ (atha) - and also (then, next, now, moreover)

• उ (u) - and also (and, also, indeed, a particle of emphasis)

• लेह्यम् (lehyam) - lickable food (food that is licked, lickable, liquid/semi-liquid food)

• यत् (yat) - whatever (which, what, whatever)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• अन्यत् (anyat) - other (other, another, different)

• साधु (sādhu) - good, excellent (good, excellent, virtuous, proper)

• भोजनम् (bhojanam) - meal (food, meal, eating)

• प्रेक्षमाणेषु (prekṣamāṇeṣu) - while others are watching (while looking on, among those who are looking)

• यः (yaḥ) - one who (who, which)

• अश्नीयात् (aśnīyāt) - should eat (should eat, may eat)

• नृशंसः (nṛśaṁsaḥ) - cruel (person) (cruel, wicked, pitiless, inhuman)

• इति (iti) - thus (thus, so, in this way)

• तम् (tam) - him (referring to `yaḥ`) (him, that (masculine singular accusative))

• विदुः (viduḥ) - they consider (they know, they understand, they consider)

Words meanings and morphology

भक्ष्यम् (bhakṣyam) - solid food (food that is chewed, solid food)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bhakṣya

bhakṣya - chewable, edible; food that is chewed

Gerundive

From root √bhakṣ 'to eat' (desiderative of √bhaj) + -ya suffix

Root: bhakṣ (class 1)

Note: Acts as a noun here.

भोज्यम् (bhojyam) - soft food, general food (food that is eaten, edible; enjoyable)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bhojya

bhojya - eatable, fit for food; food (in general), soft food

Gerundive

From root √bhuj 'to eat, enjoy' + -ya suffix

Root: bhuj (class 7)

Note: Acts as a noun here.

अथ (atha) - and also (then, next, now, moreover)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used in sandhi as part of `atho`.

उ (u) - and also (and, also, indeed, a particle of emphasis)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used in sandhi as part of `atho`.

लेह्यम् (lehyam) - lickable food (food that is licked, lickable, liquid/semi-liquid food)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of lehya

lehya - lickable; food that is licked (e.g. honey, preserves)

Gerundive

From root √lih 'to lick' + -ya suffix

Root: lih (class 2)

Note: Acts as a noun here.

यत् (yat) - whatever (which, what, whatever)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, whatever

Note: Refers to `bhojanam`.

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

अन्यत् (anyat) - other (other, another, different)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of anya

anya - other, another, different

Note: Qualifies `bhojanam`.

साधु (sādhu) - good, excellent (good, excellent, virtuous, proper)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sādhu

sādhu - good, excellent, virtuous, proper, right

Note: Qualifies `bhojanam`.

भोजनम् (bhojanam) - meal (food, meal, eating)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bhojana

bhojana - food, meal, eating

From root √bhuj 'to eat, enjoy' + -ana suffix

Root: bhuj (class 7)

Note: Subject of the clause `yat ca anyat sādhu bhojanam`.

प्रेक्षमाणेषु (prekṣamāṇeṣu) - while others are watching (while looking on, among those who are looking)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, plural of prekṣamāṇa

prekṣamāṇa - looking on, observing

Present Middle Participle

From prefix pra- with root √īkṣ 'to see, look' + -māna suffix

Prefix: pra

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

Note: Indicates the circumstances or the presence of others.

यः (yaḥ) - one who (who, which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which

Note: Subject of the main clause.

अश्नीयात् (aśnīyāt) - should eat (should eat, may eat)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of aś

Root: aś (class 9)

Note: Expresses prescription or general statement.

नृशंसः (nṛśaṁsaḥ) - cruel (person) (cruel, wicked, pitiless, inhuman)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nṛśaṃsa

nṛśaṁsa - cruel, wicked, pitiless, inhuman

Note: Predicate adjective/noun for `tam`.

इति (iti) - thus (thus, so, in this way)

(indeclinable)

तम् (tam) - him (referring to `yaḥ`) (him, that (masculine singular accusative))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Object of `viduḥ`.

विदुः (viduḥ) - they consider (they know, they understand, they consider)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of vid

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Refers to people in general.