महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-146, verse-4

तं ब्राह्मणाः सर्व एव तत्यजुः सपुरोहिताः ।
जगाम स वनं राजा दह्यमानो दिवानिशम् ॥४॥

4. taṁ brāhmaṇāḥ sarva eva tatyajuḥ sapurohitāḥ ,
jagāma sa vanaṁ rājā dahyamāno divāniśam.

4. tam brāhmaṇāḥ sarve eva tatyajuḥ sapurohitāḥ
jagāma sa vanaṃ rājā dahyamānaḥ divāniśam

4. sarve eva sapurohitāḥ brāhmaṇāḥ tam tatyajuḥ.
sa rājā dahyamānaḥ divāniśam vanaṃ jagāma.

4. All the Brahmins, together with their priests, abandoned him. That king went to the forest, constantly tormented day and night.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - that king (Janamejaya) (him, that)

• ब्राह्मणाः (brāhmaṇāḥ) - Brahmins, members of the priestly class

• सर्वे (sarve) - all, everyone

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly

• तत्यजुः (tatyajuḥ) - abandoned, forsook, renounced

• सपुरोहिताः (sapurohitāḥ) - along with the priests, with their spiritual guides

• जगाम (jagāma) - went, proceeded

• स (sa) - the king (Janamejaya) (he, that (person))

• वनं (vanaṁ) - forest, wood

• राजा (rājā) - king, ruler

• दह्यमानः (dahyamānaḥ) - being burnt, being tormented, suffering

• दिवानिशम् (divāniśam) - day and night, constantly

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - that king (Janamejaya) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, it

Note: Object of tatyajuḥ, refers to Janamejaya.

ब्राह्मणाः (brāhmaṇāḥ) - Brahmins, members of the priestly class

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - Brahmin, member of the priestly class, related to Brahman

Root: bṛh (class 1)

Note: Subject of tatyajuḥ.

सर्वे (sarve) - all, everyone

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

Note: Agrees with brāhmaṇāḥ.

एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

तत्यजुः (tatyajuḥ) - abandoned, forsook, renounced

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of tyaj

Root: tyaj (class 1)

सपुरोहिताः (sapurohitāḥ) - along with the priests, with their spiritual guides

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sapurohita

sapurohita - accompanied by priests, with the priest

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+purohita)

• sa – with, together with (prefix)
  indeclinable
• purohita – chaplain, priest, family priest
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: puras
  Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Agrees with brāhmaṇāḥ.

जगाम (jagāma) - went, proceeded

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of gam

Root: gam (class 1)

स (sa) - the king (Janamejaya) (he, that (person))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Janamejaya.

वनं (vanaṁ) - forest, wood

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove

Note: Object of jagāma.

राजा (rājā) - king, ruler

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, prince

Note: Appositive to 'sa'.

दह्यमानः (dahyamānaḥ) - being burnt, being tormented, suffering

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dahyamāna

dahyamāna - being burnt, being consumed, being afflicted/tormented

Present Middle Participle

Root 'dah' (to burn) + śānac (middle participle suffix)

Root: dah (class 1)

Note: Describes the king.

दिवानिशम् (divāniśam) - day and night, constantly

(indeclinable)

Compound of 'divā' (by day) and 'niśam' (by night)

Compound type : dvandva (divā+niśā)

• divā – by day, in the daytime
  indeclinable
• niśā – night
  noun (feminine)

Note: Adverb of time.