महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-146, verse-2

भीष्म उवाच ।
अत्र ते वर्णयिष्येऽहमितिहासं पुरातनम् ।
इन्द्रोतः शौनको विप्रो यदाह जनमेजयम् ॥२॥

2. bhīṣma uvāca ,
atra te varṇayiṣye'hamitihāsaṁ purātanam ,
indrotaḥ śaunako vipro yadāha janamejayam.

2. bhīṣma uvāca atra te varṇayiṣye aham itihāsaṃ
purātanam indrotaḥ śaunakaḥ vipraḥ yat āha janamejayam

2. atra aham te पुरातनम् itihāsaṃ varṇayiṣye,
yat indrotaḥ śaunakaḥ vipraḥ janamejayam āha.

2. Bhishma said: "In this regard, I will recount to you an ancient narrative which the Brahmin Shaunaka Indrota narrated to Janamejaya."

Words meanings summery:

• भीष्म (bhīṣma) - Bhishma

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• अत्र (atra) - here, in this matter/regard

• ते (te) - to you, for you

• वर्णयिष्ये (varṇayiṣye) - I will describe, I will recount

• अहम् (aham) - I

• इतिहासं (itihāsaṁ) - history, narrative, legend, epic

• पुरातनम् (purātanam) - ancient, old

• इन्द्रोतः (indrotaḥ) - The sage Indrota (Indrota)

• शौनकः (śaunakaḥ) - The sage Shaunaka (Shaunaka)

• विप्रः (vipraḥ) - Brahmin, a learned person

• यत् (yat) - which, that

• आह (āha) - said, spoke

• जनमेजयम् (janamejayam) - King Janamejaya (Janamejaya)

Words meanings and morphology

भीष्म (bhīṣma) - Bhishma

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (proper name, son of Shantanu)

Note: Subject of uvāca.

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

अत्र (atra) - here, in this matter/regard

(indeclinable)

ते (te) - to you, for you

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Enclitic form of the second person pronoun, dative/genitive.

वर्णयिष्ये (varṇayiṣye) - I will describe, I will recount

(verb)

1st person , singular, middle, future (lṛṭ) of varṇ

Causative of vṛ, to choose, cover

Root: vṛ (class 9)

Note: Causative stem with future ending.

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of aham

aham - I

Note: Subject of varṇayiṣye.

इतिहासं (itihāsaṁ) - history, narrative, legend, epic

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of itihāsa

itihāsa - history, legend, tradition, epic (e.g., Mahabharata, Ramayana)

iti ha āsa: 'thus it was'

Note: Object of varṇayiṣye.

पुरातनम् (purātanam) - ancient, old

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of purātana

purātana - ancient, old, venerable

Derived from 'purā' (formerly, anciently)

Note: Agrees with itihāsaṃ.

इन्द्रोतः (indrotaḥ) - The sage Indrota (Indrota)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of indrota

indrota - Indrota (proper name, a famous sage)

Note: Part of the name 'Indrota Shaunaka'.

शौनकः (śaunakaḥ) - The sage Shaunaka (Shaunaka)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śaunaka

śaunaka - Shaunaka (proper name, a famous sage)

Note: Part of the name 'Indrota Shaunaka'.

विप्रः (vipraḥ) - Brahmin, a learned person

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vipra

vipra - Brahmin, priest, inspired, wise

Note: Describes Indrota Shaunaka.

यत् (yat) - which, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Relative pronoun referring to 'itihāsaṃ', functioning as the subject of āha here.

आह (āha) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of ah

Root: ah (class 2)

जनमेजयम् (janamejayam) - King Janamejaya (Janamejaya)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of janamejaya

janamejaya - Janamejaya (proper name, a king, son of Parikshit)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (jana+ejaya)

• jana – people, person, creature
  noun (masculine)
  Root: jan (class 4)
• ejaya – causing to tremble, shaking
  adjective (masculine)
  causative present participle
  Causative of 'ej' (to tremble)
  Root: ej (class 1)

Note: Object of āha.