महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-95, verse-7

तं क्षिपन्तं सुरांश्चैव मनुष्यानसुरांस्तथा ।
गन्धर्वराजो बलवांस्तुल्यनामाभ्ययात्तदा ।
तेनास्य सुमहद्युद्धं कुरुक्षेत्रे बभूव ह ॥७॥

7. taṁ kṣipantaṁ surāṁścaiva manuṣyānasurāṁstathā ,
gandharvarājo balavāṁstulyanāmābhyayāttadā ,
tenāsya sumahadyuddhaṁ kurukṣetre babhūva ha.

7. tam kṣipantam surān ca eva manuṣyān
asurān tathā gandharvarājaḥ balavān
tulyanāmā abhyayāt tadā tena asya
sumahat yuddham kurukṣetre babhūva ha

7. Then, a powerful king of the Gandharvas, who bore the same name, approached him (Chitrangada) as he was slighting gods, humans, and asuras alike. Indeed, a very great battle ensued between them in Kurukshetra.

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - Chitrangada (him, that)

• क्षिपन्तम् (kṣipantam) - despising, slighting

• सुरान् (surān) - gods, deities

• च (ca) - and, also

• एव (eva) - even, merely, indeed

• मनुष्यान् (manuṣyān) - men, human beings

• असुरान् (asurān) - asuras, demons

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, and, in the same way

• गन्धर्वराजः (gandharvarājaḥ) - King Chitraratha of the Gandharvas (king of Gandharvas)

• बलवान् (balavān) - powerful, strong

• तुल्यनामा (tulyanāmā) - also named Chitrangada (having the same name, similarly named)

• अभ्ययात् (abhyayāt) - he approached, he went towards

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• तेन (tena) - by the Gandharva king (by him)

• अस्य (asya) - of Chitrangada (of him, his)

• सुमहत् (sumahat) - very great, mighty

• युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, combat, war

• कुरुक्षेत्रे (kurukṣetre) - in Kurukshetra (a famous battlefield)

• बभूव (babhūva) - it happened, it occurred, it was

• ह (ha) - indeed, certainly

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - Chitrangada (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Chitrangada, object of 'kṣipantam'.

क्षिपन्तम् (kṣipantam) - despising, slighting

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kṣipat

kṣipat - throwing, casting, despising, slighting

Present Active Participle

From √kṣip (6th class) + śatṛ (present participle suffix).

Root: kṣip (class 6)

Note: Qualifies 'tam' (Chitrangada).

सुरान् (surān) - gods, deities

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sura

sura - god, deity

Note: Object of 'kṣipantam'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

एव (eva) - even, merely, indeed

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

मनुष्यान् (manuṣyān) - men, human beings

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of manuṣya

manuṣya - man, human being

Note: Object of 'kṣipantam'.

असुरान् (asurān) - asuras, demons

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of asura

asura - demon, anti-god, mighty one

Note: Object of 'kṣipantam'.

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, and, in the same way

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the list of objects.

गन्धर्वराजः (gandharvarājaḥ) - King Chitraratha of the Gandharvas (king of Gandharvas)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gandharvarāja

gandharvarāja - king of Gandharvas (celestial musicians/beings)

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (gandharva+rāja)

• gandharva – Gandharva (a class of celestial beings, musicians)
  noun (masculine)
• rāja – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of 'abhyayāt'.

बलवान् (balavān) - powerful, strong

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of balavat

balavat - powerful, strong, mighty, having strength

Derived from bala (strength) + matup (possessive suffix).

Note: Adjective for 'gandharvarājaḥ'.

तुल्यनामा (tulyanāmā) - also named Chitrangada (having the same name, similarly named)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tulyanāman

tulyanāman - having a similar name, similarly named

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (tulya+nāman)

• tulya – equal, similar, like
  adjective
• nāman – name
  noun (neuter)

Note: Adjective for 'gandharvarājaḥ', indicating the Gandharva king shared the name Chitrangada.

अभ्ययात् (abhyayāt) - he approached, he went towards

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect past (laṅ) of √i

Imperfect

From abhi-√i (2nd class), 3rd singular imperfect active.

Prefix: abhi

Root: i (class 2)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

Note: Temporal adverb.

तेन (tena) - by the Gandharva king (by him)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the Gandharva king.

अस्य (asya) - of Chitrangada (of him, his)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Chitrangada. 'tena asya' can mean 'between them'.

सुमहत् (sumahat) - very great, mighty

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sumahat

sumahat - very great, very large, mighty

Compound type : praadi-samāsa (su+mahat)

• su – good, well, very (prefix)
  indeclinable
• mahat – great, large, important
  adjective (neuter)

Note: Qualifies 'yuddham'.

युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, combat, war

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, war, combat

Past Passive Participle (used as noun)

From √yudh (4th class) + kta (past participle suffix).

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Subject of 'babhūva'.

कुरुक्षेत्रे (kurukṣetre) - in Kurukshetra (a famous battlefield)

(proper noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of kurukṣetra

kurukṣetra - Kurukshetra (name of a famous battlefield and holy place)

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (kuru+kṣetra)

• kuru – Kuru (name of an ancient king or his descendants/territory)
  proper noun (masculine)
• kṣetra – field, land, region
  noun (neuter)

Note: Locative of place.

बभूव (babhūva) - it happened, it occurred, it was

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect past (lit) of √bhū

Perfect

Reduplicated root + perfect endings for 3rd singular active.

Root: bhū (class 1)

ह (ha) - indeed, certainly

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.