महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-83, verse-5

इन्द्र उवाच ।
सतां सकाशे पतितासि राजंश्च्युतः प्रतिष्ठां यत्र लब्धासि भूयः ।
एवं विदित्वा तु पुनर्ययाते न तेऽवमान्याः सदृशः श्रेयसश्च ॥५॥

5. indra uvāca ,
satāṁ sakāśe patitāsi rājaṁ;ścyutaḥ pratiṣṭhāṁ yatra labdhāsi bhūyaḥ ,
evaṁ viditvā tu punaryayāte; na te'vamānyāḥ sadṛśaḥ śreyasaśca.

5. indraḥ uvāca satāṃ sakāśe patitā asi
rājan cyutaḥ pratiṣṭhāṃ yatra labdhā
asi bhūyaḥ evam viditvā tu punaḥ yayāte
na te avamānyāḥ sadṛśaḥ śreyasaḥ ca

5. Indra said: 'O King, you have fallen among the virtuous, where you will regain your position. Therefore, O Yayati, knowing this, you should not disrespect them again, for they are indeed excellent and bring about welfare.'

Words meanings summery:

• इन्द्रः (indraḥ) - Indra (King of gods)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• सतां (satāṁ) - of the virtuous, of good people

• सकाशे (sakāśe) - in the presence, near

• पतिता (patitā) - you have fallen (fallen)

• असि (asi) - you are

• राजन् (rājan) - O King

• च्युतः (cyutaḥ) - having fallen (from heaven) (fallen, deviated)

• प्रतिष्ठां (pratiṣṭhāṁ) - position, standing, glory

• यत्र (yatra) - where

• लब्धा (labdhā) - you will regain (attained, regained)

• असि (asi) - you are

• भूयः (bhūyaḥ) - again, further, more

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

• विदित्वा (viditvā) - having known

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again

• ययाते (yayāte) - O Yayati

• न (na) - not

• ते (te) - by you

• अवमान्याः (avamānyāḥ) - to be disrespected, disrespectable

• सदृशः (sadṛśaḥ) - equal to the excellent ones (similar, equal, like)

• श्रेयसः (śreyasaḥ) - of welfare, of good, of excellence

• च (ca) - and

Words meanings and morphology

इन्द्रः (indraḥ) - Indra (King of gods)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of indra

indra - Indra, the king of gods, best, chief

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

सतां (satāṁ) - of the virtuous, of good people

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sat

sat - being, existent, good, virtuous

Present Active Participle

Root: as (class 2)

सकाशे (sakāśe) - in the presence, near

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of sakāśa

sakāśa - presence, vicinity, nearness

पतिता (patitā) - you have fallen (fallen)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of patita

patita - fallen, descended, degraded

Past Passive Participle

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Though grammatically feminine, in context it refers to King Yayati.

असि (asi) - you are

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

राजन् (rājan) - O King

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

च्युतः (cyutaḥ) - having fallen (from heaven) (fallen, deviated)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of cyuta

cyuta - fallen, deviated, dropped

Past Passive Participle

Root: cyu (class 1)

प्रतिष्ठां (pratiṣṭhāṁ) - position, standing, glory

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of pratiṣṭhā

pratiṣṭhā - foundation, establishment, position, fame, glory

Prefix: prati

Root: sthā (class 1)

यत्र (yatra) - where

(indeclinable)

लब्धा (labdhā) - you will regain (attained, regained)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of labdha

labdha - obtained, gained, acquired

Past Passive Participle

Root: labh (class 1)

Note: Though grammatically feminine, in context it refers to King Yayati.

असि (asi) - you are

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

भूयः (bhūyaḥ) - again, further, more

(indeclinable)

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

(indeclinable)

विदित्वा (viditvā) - having known

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Root: vid (class 2)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

पुनः (punaḥ) - again

(indeclinable)

ययाते (yayāte) - O Yayati

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of yayāti

yayāti - name of a king

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

ते (te) - by you

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yusmad

yusmad - you

Note: Used here in a passive construction, 'by you'.

अवमान्याः (avamānyāḥ) - to be disrespected, disrespectable

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of avamānya

avamānya - to be disrespected, to be despised

Gerundive (Potential Passive Participle)

Prefix: ava

Root: man (class 4)

सदृशः (sadṛśaḥ) - equal to the excellent ones (similar, equal, like)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sadṛśa

sadṛśa - like, similar, equal

श्रेयसः (śreyasaḥ) - of welfare, of good, of excellence

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of śreyas

śreyas - welfare, good, excellence, superior

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)