महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-62, verse-1

जनमेजय उवाच ।
त्वत्तः श्रुतमिदं ब्रह्मन्देवदानवरक्षसाम् ।
अंशावतरणं सम्यग्गन्धर्वाप्सरसां तथा ॥१॥

1. janamejaya uvāca ,
tvattaḥ śrutamidaṁ brahmandevadānavarakṣasām ,
aṁśāvataraṇaṁ samyaggandharvāpsarasāṁ tathā.

1. janamejaya uvāca tvattaḥ śrutam idam brahman devadānavarakṣasām
aṁśāvataraṇam samyak gandharvāpsarasām tathā

1. Janamejaya said: O Brahmin, I have heard from you in full detail this account of the descent of divine parts of the Devas, Dānavas, and Rākṣasas, and also of the Gandharvas and Apsarases.

Words meanings summery:

• जनमेजय (janamejaya) - Janamejaya (Janamejaya (proper name))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

• त्वत्तः (tvattaḥ) - from you

• श्रुतम् (śrutam) - has been heard (heard, listened)

• इदम् (idam) - this

• ब्रह्मन् (brahman) - O Brahmin (O Brahmin, O learned one)

• देवदानवरक्षसाम् (devadānavarakṣasām) - of the Devas, Dānavas, and Rākṣasas (of Devas, Dānavas, and Rākṣasas)

• अंशावतरणम् (aṁśāvataraṇam) - this account of the descent of divine parts (descent of parts, incarnation of divine aspects)

• सम्यक् (samyak) - in full detail (completely, properly, well)

• गन्धर्वाप्सरसाम् (gandharvāpsarasām) - of the Gandharvas and Apsarases (of Gandharvas and Apsarases)

• तथा (tathā) - and also (thus, so, and, also)

Words meanings and morphology

जनमेजय (janamejaya) - Janamejaya (Janamejaya (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of janamejaya

janamejaya - Janamejaya (a king of the Kuru dynasty)

Note: Speaker of the verse.

उवाच (uvāca) - said (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect tense verb (irregular)

Root vac, irregular perfect form

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Main verb for Janamejaya.

त्वत्तः (tvattaḥ) - from you

(pronoun)

Ablative, singular of tvad

tvad - you (singular)

Note: Source of information.

श्रुतम् (śrutam) - has been heard (heard, listened)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śruta

śruta - heard, listened, known

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root śru with suffix -ta

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Refers to 'aṁśāvataraṇam'.

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Refers to 'aṁśāvataraṇam'.

ब्रह्मन् (brahman) - O Brahmin (O Brahmin, O learned one)

(common noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of brahman

brahman - Brahmin, priest, the Absolute

Note: Address to the narrator (Vyasa/Vaiśampāyana).

देवदानवरक्षसाम् (devadānavarakṣasām) - of the Devas, Dānavas, and Rākṣasas (of Devas, Dānavas, and Rākṣasas)

(common noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of devadānavarakṣas

devadānavarakṣas - gods, dānavas, and rākṣasas

Compound type : dvandva (deva+dānava+rakṣas)

• deva – god, deity
  common noun (masculine)
• dānava – dānava (a class of demons)
  common noun (masculine)
• rakṣas – rākṣasa, demon
  common noun (masculine)

Note: Possessive for 'aṁśāvataraṇam'.

अंशावतरणम् (aṁśāvataraṇam) - this account of the descent of divine parts (descent of parts, incarnation of divine aspects)

(common noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of aṁśāvataraṇa

aṁśāvataraṇa - descent of parts, incarnation of divine aspects

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (aṁśa+avataraṇa)

• aṁśa – part, portion, aspect
  common noun (masculine)
• avataraṇa – descent, alighting, incarnation
  common noun (neuter)
  Noun derived from verb
  Derived from root tṛ with prefix ava, plus suffix -ana
  Prefix: ava
  Root: tṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of 'śrutam'.

सम्यक् (samyak) - in full detail (completely, properly, well)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb modifying 'śrutam'.

गन्धर्वाप्सरसाम् (gandharvāpsarasām) - of the Gandharvas and Apsarases (of Gandharvas and Apsarases)

(common noun)

Genitive, masculine/feminine, plural of gandharvāpsaras

gandharvāpsaras - Gandharvas and Apsarases

Compound type : dvandva (gandharva+apsaras)

• gandharva – celestial musician, gandharva
  common noun (masculine)
• apsaras – apsaras (celestial nymph)
  common noun (feminine)

Note: Possessive for 'aṁśāvataraṇam'.

तथा (tathā) - and also (thus, so, and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'gandharvāpsarasām' to the previous list.