महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-35, verse-10

उत्पन्नः स जरत्कारुस्तपस्युग्रे रतो द्विजः ।
तस्यैष भगिनीं काले जरत्कारुं प्रयच्छतु ॥१०॥

10. utpannaḥ sa jaratkārustapasyugre rato dvijaḥ ,
tasyaiṣa bhaginīṁ kāle jaratkāruṁ prayacchatu.

10. utpannaḥ saḥ jaratkāruḥ tapasi ugre rataḥ dvijaḥ
tasya eṣaḥ bhaginīm kāle jaratkārum prayacchatu

10. That brahmin named Jarathkāru, who is devoted to severe penance, has been born. Let this (Nāga) give his sister, Jarathkāru, to him (the brahmin) at the proper time.

Words meanings summery:

• उत्पन्नः (utpannaḥ) - has been born (born, produced, arisen)

• सः (saḥ) - that (referring to the brahmin Jarathkāru) (he, that)

• जरत्कारुः (jaratkāruḥ) - Jarathkāru (the brahmin) (Jarathkāru (proper name))

• तपसि (tapasi) - in severe penance (in austerity, in penance)

• उग्रे (ugre) - severe (penance) (severe, fierce, dreadful)

• रतः (rataḥ) - devoted to, engaged in (devoted to, engaged in, fond of)

• द्विजः (dvijaḥ) - brahmin (twice-born, brahmin, bird)

• तस्य (tasya) - to him (the brahmin Jarathkāru) (to him, for him, his)

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this one (referring to the Nāga who must give his sister) (this one, he)

• भगिनीम् (bhaginīm) - his sister (sister)

• काले (kāle) - at the appropriate time (at the time, in due course, at the proper time)

• जरत्कारुम् (jaratkārum) - Jarathkāru (the sister) (Jarathkāru (proper name))

• प्रयच्छतु (prayacchatu) - let him give, he should give (let him give, may he offer)

Words meanings and morphology

उत्पन्नः (utpannaḥ) - has been born (born, produced, arisen)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of utpanna

utpanna - born, produced, arisen

past passive participle

From ut-√pad (to be born, arise)

Prefix: ut

Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Agrees with dvijaḥ and jaratkāruḥ

सः (saḥ) - that (referring to the brahmin Jarathkāru) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Demonstrative pronoun, refers to the mentioned Jarathkāru

जरत्कारुः (jaratkāruḥ) - Jarathkāru (the brahmin) (Jarathkāru (proper name))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jaratkāru

jaratkāru - Jarathkāru (name of a sage, and his sister)

Note: Subject in the first clause

तपसि (tapasi) - in severe penance (in austerity, in penance)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - austerity, penance, heat

action noun

From √tap (to heat, to perform austerity)

Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Locative indicating the sphere of engagement

उग्रे (ugre) - severe (penance) (severe, fierce, dreadful)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of ugra

ugra - severe, fierce, dreadful, powerful

Note: Agrees with tapasi

रतः (rataḥ) - devoted to, engaged in (devoted to, engaged in, fond of)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rata

rata - devoted to, engaged in, pleased, attached

past passive participle

From √ram (to delight, to enjoy)

Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Agrees with dvijaḥ and jaratkāruḥ

द्विजः (dvijaḥ) - brahmin (twice-born, brahmin, bird)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dvija

dvija - twice-born, brahmin, bird, tooth

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dvi+ja)

• dvi – two, twice
  numeral
• ja – born
  adjective (masculine)
  From √jan (to be born)
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Subject in the first clause

तस्य (tasya) - to him (the brahmin Jarathkāru) (to him, for him, his)

(pronoun)

masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Dative of recipient for prayacchatu

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this one (referring to the Nāga who must give his sister) (this one, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this

Note: Subject of prayacchatu

भगिनीम् (bhaginīm) - his sister (sister)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of bhaginī

bhaginī - sister

Note: Object of prayacchatu

काले (kāle) - at the appropriate time (at the time, in due course, at the proper time)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, season, proper time

Note: Locative of time

जरत्कारुम् (jaratkārum) - Jarathkāru (the sister) (Jarathkāru (proper name))

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of jaratkāru

jaratkāru - Jarathkāru (name of a sage, and his sister)

Note: Object of prayacchatu, appositive to bhaginīm

प्रयच्छतु (prayacchatu) - let him give, he should give (let him give, may he offer)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of prayacch

Prefix: pra

Root: yam (class 1)