महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-184, verse-8

कुशैस्तु भूमौ शयनं चकार माद्रीसुतः सहदेवस्तरस्वी ।
यथात्मीयान्यजिनानि सर्वे संस्तीर्य वीराः सुषुपुर्धरण्याम् ॥८॥

8. kuśaistu bhūmau śayanaṁ cakāra; mādrīsutaḥ sahadevastarasvī ,
yathātmīyānyajināni sarve; saṁstīrya vīrāḥ suṣupurdharaṇyām.

8. kuśaiḥ tu bhūmau śayanam cakāra
mādrīsutaḥ sahadevaḥ tarasvī |
yathā ātmīyāni ajināni sarve
saṃstīrya vīrāḥ suṣupuḥ dharaṇyām

8. But Sahadeva, the energetic son of Madri, made a bed on the ground with Kuśa grass. Then, all the heroes, having spread their own deer-skins, slept on the ground.

Words meanings summery:

• कुशैः (kuśaiḥ) - with Kuśa grass

• तु (tu) - but, indeed

• भूमौ (bhūmau) - on the ground

• शयनम् (śayanam) - bed, couch, sleep

• चकार (cakāra) - he made, he did

• माद्रीसुतः (mādrīsutaḥ) - Sahadeva, the son of Madri (son of Madri)

• सहदेवः (sahadevaḥ) - Sahadeva (name of a Pandava prince)

• तरस्वी (tarasvī) - the energetic Sahadeva (energetic, powerful, swift)

• यथा (yathā) - as, just as

• आत्मीयानि (ātmīyāni) - their own, one's own

• अजिनानि (ajināni) - deer-skins, animal hides

• सर्वे (sarve) - all the Pandava brothers (all, everyone)

• संस्तीर्य (saṁstīrya) - having spread, by spreading

• वीराः (vīrāḥ) - the heroes (Pandavas) (heroes, valiant men)

• सुषुपुः (suṣupuḥ) - they slept

• धरण्याम् (dharaṇyām) - on the ground, on the earth

Words meanings and morphology

कुशैः (kuśaiḥ) - with Kuśa grass

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of kuśa

kuśa - Kuśa grass (Poa cynosuroides), sacred grass

तु (tu) - but, indeed

(indeclinable)

भूमौ (bhūmau) - on the ground

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of bhūmi

bhūmi - earth, ground, land

Root: bhū (class 1)

शयनम् (śayanam) - bed, couch, sleep

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śayana

śayana - bed, couch, sleeping, rest

From root `śī` (to lie down, sleep) with suffix `ana`.

Root: śī (class 2)

चकार (cakāra) - he made, he did

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of kṛ

Perfect Active Third Person Singular

Perfect stem `cakār`, Parasmaipada.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

माद्रीसुतः (mādrīsutaḥ) - Sahadeva, the son of Madri (son of Madri)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mādrīsuta

mādrīsuta - son of Madri

Compound meaning 'son of Madri'. Refers to Sahadeva.

Compound type : tatpurusha (mādrī+suta)

• mādrī – Madri (name of a queen, mother of Nakula and Sahadeva)
  proper noun (feminine)
• suta – son
  noun (masculine)
  From root `sū` (to give birth).
  Root: sū (class 2)

सहदेवः (sahadevaḥ) - Sahadeva (name of a Pandava prince)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sahadeva

sahadeva - Sahadeva (name of a Pandava prince)

तरस्वी (tarasvī) - the energetic Sahadeva (energetic, powerful, swift)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tarasvin

tarasvin - energetic, powerful, swift, strong

From `taras` (speed, energy) + suffix `vin`.

Root: tṛ (class 1)

यथा (yathā) - as, just as

(indeclinable)

आत्मीयानि (ātmīyāni) - their own, one's own

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, plural of ātmīya

ātmīya - one's own, peculiar to oneself

Derived from `ātman` (self) with suffix `īya`.

अजिनानि (ajināni) - deer-skins, animal hides

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of ajina

ajina - deer-skin, hide, animal skin

सर्वे (sarve) - all the Pandava brothers (all, everyone)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

संस्तीर्य (saṁstīrya) - having spread, by spreading

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root `stṛ` (to spread) with prefix `sam` and suffix `lyaP`.

Prefix: sam

Root: stṛ (class 5)

वीराः (vīrāḥ) - the heroes (Pandavas) (heroes, valiant men)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vīra

vīra - hero, warrior, valiant

सुषुपुः (suṣupuḥ) - they slept

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of svap

Perfect Active Third Person Plural

Perfect form with reduplication and retroflexion of `s` to `ṣ`.

Root: svap (class 1)

धरण्याम् (dharaṇyām) - on the ground, on the earth

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of dharaṇī

dharaṇī - earth, ground, land

From root `dhṛ` (to hold, support).

Root: dhṛ (class 1)