भगवद्गीता
bhagavad-gītā
-
chapter-12, verse-20
ये तु धर्म्यामृतमिदं यथोक्तं पर्युपासते ।
श्रद्दधाना मत्परमा भक्तास्तेऽतीव मे प्रियाः ॥२०॥
श्रद्दधाना मत्परमा भक्तास्तेऽतीव मे प्रियाः ॥२०॥
20. ye tu dharmyāmṛtamidaṁ yathoktaṁ paryupāsate ,
śraddadhānā matparamā bhaktāste'tīva me priyāḥ.
śraddadhānā matparamā bhaktāste'tīva me priyāḥ.
20.
ye tu dharmyāmṛtam idam yathoktam paryupāsate
śraddadhānāḥ matparamāḥ bhaktāḥ te atīva me priyāḥ
śraddadhānāḥ matparamāḥ bhaktāḥ te atīva me priyāḥ
20.
ye tu śraddadhānāḥ matparamāḥ bhaktāḥ idam yathoktam
dharmyāmṛtam paryupāsate te me atīva priyāḥ
dharmyāmṛtam paryupāsate te me atīva priyāḥ
20.
But those who, with faith (śraddhā) and taking Me as their supreme goal, devoutly follow this nectar of natural law (dharma) as it has been taught—those devotees (bhaktaḥ) are exceedingly dear to Me.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- ये (ye) - those who (who, those who)
- तु (tu) - but, indeed (but, indeed, however)
- धर्म्यामृतम् (dharmyāmṛtam) - this nectar of natural law (dharma) (the nectar of righteousness, the immortal law)
- इदम् (idam) - this (this, this (neuter))
- यथोक्तम् (yathoktam) - as it has been taught (as stated, as described, according to what has been said)
- पर्युपासते (paryupāsate) - they devoutly follow (they worship, they serve, they devote themselves to)
- श्रद्दधानाः (śraddadhānāḥ) - full of faith (śraddhā) (having faith, believing, full of faith)
- मत्परमाः (matparamāḥ) - having Me as their supreme goal (having Me as the highest, devoted to Me)
- भक्ताः (bhaktāḥ) - devotees (bhaktaḥ) (devotees, devoted ones)
- ते (te) - they (they, those)
- अतीव (atīva) - exceedingly (exceedingly, very much, greatly)
- मे (me) - to Me (Krishna) (to me, my)
- प्रियाः (priyāḥ) - dear, beloved
Words meanings and morphology
ये (ye) - those who (who, those who)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of yad
yad - who, which, what
तु (tu) - but, indeed (but, indeed, however)
(indeclinable)
धर्म्यामृतम् (dharmyāmṛtam) - this nectar of natural law (dharma) (the nectar of righteousness, the immortal law)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of dharmyāmṛta
dharmyāmṛta - the nectar of righteousness, the immortal law
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharmya+amṛta)
- dharmya – righteous, lawful, consistent with dharma
adjective (neuter)
Derived from dharma - amṛta – nectar, immortality, immortal
noun (neuter)
a (not) + mṛta (dead)
Prefix: a
Root: mṛ (class 1)
इदम् (idam) - this (this, this (neuter))
(pronoun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of idam
idam - this, this here
यथोक्तम् (yathoktam) - as it has been taught (as stated, as described, according to what has been said)
(indeclinable)
From 'yathā' (as) + 'ukta' (said, PPP of 'vac')
Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+ukta)
- yathā – as, just as, according to
indeclinable - ukta – said, spoken, declared
adjective (neuter)
Past Passive Participle
From verb root 'vac'
Root: vac (class 2)
Note: Functions adverbially, describing how the dharma-nectar is followed.
पर्युपासते (paryupāsate) - they devoutly follow (they worship, they serve, they devote themselves to)
(verb)
3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of upās
From root 'ās' with prefixes 'pari' and 'upa'
Prefixes: pari+upa
Root: ās (class 2)
श्रद्दधानाः (śraddadhānāḥ) - full of faith (śraddhā) (having faith, believing, full of faith)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of śraddadhāna
śraddadhāna - having faith, believing, faithful
Present Middle Participle
From 'śrad-dhā' root (to place faith)
Root: dhā (class 3)
Note: Qualifies 'bhaktāḥ' or 'ye'.
मत्परमाः (matparamāḥ) - having Me as their supreme goal (having Me as the highest, devoted to Me)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of matparama
matparama - having Me (Krishna) as the highest goal, supremely devoted to Me
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mad+parama)
- mad – Me, my
pronoun - parama – supreme, highest, ultimate
adjective (masculine)
Note: Qualifies 'bhaktāḥ' or 'ye'.
भक्ताः (bhaktāḥ) - devotees (bhaktaḥ) (devotees, devoted ones)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of bhakta
bhakta - devoted, faithful; a devotee
Past Passive Participle
From verb root 'bhaj'
Root: bhaj (class 1)
ते (te) - they (they, those)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of tad
tad - that, those
Note: Corresponds to 'ye'.
अतीव (atīva) - exceedingly (exceedingly, very much, greatly)
(indeclinable)
मे (me) - to Me (Krishna) (to me, my)
(pronoun)
singular of asmad
asmad - I, me
Note: Used here in the dative sense 'to me'.
प्रियाः (priyāḥ) - dear, beloved
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of priya
priya - dear, beloved, pleasing
Root: prī (class 9)
Note: Plural form matching 'bhaktāḥ' and 'ye'.