भगवद्गीता
bhagavad-gītā
-
chapter-12, verse-18
समः शत्रौ च मित्रे च तथा मानावमानयोः ।
शीतोष्णसुखदुःखेषु समः सङ्गविवर्जितः ॥१८॥
शीतोष्णसुखदुःखेषु समः सङ्गविवर्जितः ॥१८॥
18. samaḥ śatrau ca mitre ca tathā mānāvamānayoḥ ,
śītoṣṇasukhaduḥkheṣu samaḥ saṅgavivarjitaḥ.
śītoṣṇasukhaduḥkheṣu samaḥ saṅgavivarjitaḥ.
18.
samaḥ śatrau ca mitre ca tathā mānāvamānayoḥ
śītoṣṇasukhaduḥkheṣu samaḥ saṅgavivarjitaḥ
śītoṣṇasukhaduḥkheṣu samaḥ saṅgavivarjitaḥ
18.
śatrau ca mitre ca tathā mānāvamānayoḥ
śītoṣṇasukhaduḥkheṣu saṅgavivarjitaḥ samaḥ
śītoṣṇasukhaduḥkheṣu saṅgavivarjitaḥ samaḥ
18.
Impartial towards enemies and friends, equally so in honor and dishonor, in cold, heat, pleasure, and pain, and free from attachment.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- समः (samaḥ) - impartial, balanced (equal, same, impartial, alike)
- शत्रौ (śatrau) - towards the enemy (in the enemy, concerning the enemy)
- च (ca) - and (and, also)
- मित्रे (mitre) - towards the friend (in the friend, concerning the friend)
- च (ca) - and (and, also)
- तथा (tathā) - similarly (thus, so, likewise, similarly)
- मानावमानयोः (mānāvamānayoḥ) - in honor and dishonor (in honor and dishonor, of honor and dishonor)
- शीतोष्णसुखदुःखेषु (śītoṣṇasukhaduḥkheṣu) - in situations of cold and heat, pleasure and pain (in cold, heat, pleasure, and pain)
- समः (samaḥ) - impartial, balanced (equal, same, impartial, alike)
- सङ्गविवर्जितः (saṅgavivarjitaḥ) - free from attachment (devoid of attachment, free from association)
Words meanings and morphology
समः (samaḥ) - impartial, balanced (equal, same, impartial, alike)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of sama
sama - equal, same, like, impartial, even, level
शत्रौ (śatrau) - towards the enemy (in the enemy, concerning the enemy)
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of śatru
śatru - enemy, foe, adversary
च (ca) - and (and, also)
(indeclinable)
मित्रे (mitre) - towards the friend (in the friend, concerning the friend)
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of mitra
mitra - friend, companion, ally
च (ca) - and (and, also)
(indeclinable)
तथा (tathā) - similarly (thus, so, likewise, similarly)
(indeclinable)
मानावमानयोः (mānāvamānayoḥ) - in honor and dishonor (in honor and dishonor, of honor and dishonor)
(noun)
Locative, masculine, dual of mānāvamāna
mānāvamāna - honor and dishonor
Compound type : dvandva (māna+avamāna)
- māna – honor, respect, pride
noun (masculine)
Root: man (class 4) - avamāna – dishonor, disrespect, insult
noun (masculine)
Prefix: ava
Root: man (class 4)
शीतोष्णसुखदुःखेषु (śītoṣṇasukhaduḥkheṣu) - in situations of cold and heat, pleasure and pain (in cold, heat, pleasure, and pain)
(noun)
Locative, neuter, plural of śītoṣṇasukhaduḥkha
śītoṣṇasukhaduḥkha - cold and heat, pleasure and pain (compound)
Compound type : dvandva (śīta+uṣṇa+sukha+duḥkha)
- śīta – cold
noun (neuter) - uṣṇa – heat
noun (neuter) - sukha – pleasure, happiness
noun (neuter) - duḥkha – pain, sorrow, suffering
noun (neuter)
Note: Dvandva compound, locative plural.
समः (samaḥ) - impartial, balanced (equal, same, impartial, alike)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of sama
sama - equal, same, like, impartial, even, level
सङ्गविवर्जितः (saṅgavivarjitaḥ) - free from attachment (devoid of attachment, free from association)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of saṅgavivarjita
saṅgavivarjita - free from attachment/association
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (saṅga+vivarjita)
- saṅga – attachment, association, contact
noun (masculine)
Prefix: sam
Root: sañj (class 1) - vivarjita – devoid of, free from, abandoned
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
From verb root 'vṛj' with prefix 'vi'
Prefix: vi
Root: vṛj (class 10)
Note: Tatpuruṣa compound, acting as an adjective.