भगवद्गीता
bhagavad-gītā
-
chapter-12, verse-13
अद्वेष्टा सर्वभूतानां मैत्रः करुण एव च ।
निर्ममो निरहंकारः समदुःखसुखः क्षमी ॥१३॥
निर्ममो निरहंकारः समदुःखसुखः क्षमी ॥१३॥
13. adveṣṭā sarvabhūtānāṁ maitraḥ karuṇa eva ca ,
nirmamo nirahaṁkāraḥ samaduḥkhasukhaḥ kṣamī.
nirmamo nirahaṁkāraḥ samaduḥkhasukhaḥ kṣamī.
13.
adveṣṭā sarva-bhūtānām maitraḥ karuṇaḥ eva ca
nirmamaḥ nirahaṅkāraḥ sama-duḥkha-sukhaḥ kṣamī
nirmamaḥ nirahaṅkāraḥ sama-duḥkha-sukhaḥ kṣamī
13.
sarva-bhūtānām adveṣṭā maitraḥ eva ca karuṇaḥ
nirmamaḥ nirahaṅkāraḥ sama-duḥkha-sukhaḥ kṣamī
nirmamaḥ nirahaṅkāraḥ sama-duḥkha-sukhaḥ kṣamī
13.
One who bears no ill-will towards any living creature, who is friendly and compassionate, free from possessiveness and ego (ahaṅkāra), equipoised in sorrow and joy, and forgiving.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- अद्वेष्टा (adveṣṭā) - one who does not hate, non-hater
- सर्व-भूतानाम् (sarva-bhūtānām) - of all beings, of all creatures
- मैत्रः (maitraḥ) - friendly, benevolent
- करुणः (karuṇaḥ) - compassionate, tender, pitiful
- एव (eva) - only, just, indeed, even
- च (ca) - and
- निर्ममः (nirmamaḥ) - free from possessiveness, selfless, detached
- निरहङ्कारः (nirahaṅkāraḥ) - free from ego, without egoism
- सम-दुःख-सुखः (sama-duḥkha-sukhaḥ) - equipoised in pain and pleasure, indifferent to joy and sorrow
- क्षमी (kṣamī) - forgiving, patient, tolerant
Words meanings and morphology
अद्वेष्टा (adveṣṭā) - one who does not hate, non-hater
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of adveṣṭṛ
adveṣṭṛ - non-hater, benevolent, one who does not hate
Compound of 'a' (negative prefix) and 'dveṣṭṛ' (hater, agent noun from root 'dviṣ').
Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+dveṣṭṛ)
- a – not, non, without
indeclinable - dveṣṭṛ – hater, enemy
noun (masculine)
Agent noun
Agent noun from the root 'dviṣ' (to hate).
Root: dviṣ (class 2)
सर्व-भूतानाम् (sarva-bhūtānām) - of all beings, of all creatures
(noun)
Genitive, neuter, plural of sarva-bhūta
sarva-bhūta - all beings, all creatures, all elements
Tatpurusha compound meaning 'all beings'.
Compound type : karmadhāraya (sarva+bhūta)
- sarva – all, every, whole
adjective (masculine) - bhūta – being, creature, element, past
noun (neuter)
Past Passive Participle
Past passive participle of the root 'bhū' (to be, to become).
Root: bhū (class 1)
मैत्रः (maitraḥ) - friendly, benevolent
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of maitra
maitra - friendly, benevolent, amicable
Derived from 'mitra' (friend).
करुणः (karuṇaḥ) - compassionate, tender, pitiful
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of karuṇa
karuṇa - compassionate, tender, pitiful
एव (eva) - only, just, indeed, even
(indeclinable)
च (ca) - and
(indeclinable)
निर्ममः (nirmamaḥ) - free from possessiveness, selfless, detached
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of nirmama
nirmama - free from the sense of 'mine', unselfish, detached, indifferent
Bahuvrihi compound: 'nir' (without) + 'mama' (mine).
Compound type : bahuvrihi (nir+mama)
- nir – without, out of, away from
indeclinable - mama – mine, my
pronoun
Genitive singular of 'aham' (I).
निरहङ्कारः (nirahaṅkāraḥ) - free from ego, without egoism
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of nirahaṅkāra
nirahaṅkāra - free from ego (ahaṅkāra), without conceit or self-importance
Bahuvrihi compound: 'nir' (without) + 'ahaṅkāra' (ego).
Compound type : bahuvrihi (nir+ahaṅkāra)
- nir – without, out of, away from
indeclinable - ahaṅkāra – ego, egoism, sense of 'I' (ahaṅkāra)
noun (masculine)
Derived from 'aham' (I) and 'kāra' (making, doing).
सम-दुःख-सुखः (sama-duḥkha-sukhaḥ) - equipoised in pain and pleasure, indifferent to joy and sorrow
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of sama-duḥkha-sukha
sama-duḥkha-sukha - one for whom pain and pleasure are equal or indifferent
Bahuvrihi compound: one for whom 'duḥkha-sukha' (pain and pleasure) are 'sama' (equal).
Compound type : bahuvrihi (sama+duḥkha-sukha)
- sama – equal, same, even, impartial
adjective (masculine) - duḥkha-sukha – pain and pleasure, sorrow and joy
noun (neuter)
Dvandva compound of 'duḥkha' (pain) and 'sukha' (pleasure).
क्षमी (kṣamī) - forgiving, patient, tolerant
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of kṣamin
kṣamin - forgiving, patient, enduring, tolerant
Derived from the root 'kṣam' (to be patient, forgive) with the suffix '-in'.
Root: kṣam (class 1)