योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-3, chapter-76, verse-13

बोध्यमानो भवत्यापि यो न बोधमुपैष्यति ।
स्वनाशायैव जातोऽसौ न्याय्यो ग्रासो भवेत्तव ॥ १३ ॥

bodhyamāno bhavatyāpi yo na bodhamupaiṣyati ,
svanāśāyaiva jāto'sau nyāyyo grāso bhavettava 13

13. bodhyamānaḥ bhavatyā api yaḥ na bodham upaiṣyati
svanāśāya eva jātaḥ asau nyāyyaḥ grāsaḥ bhavet tava

13. yaḥ bhavatyā api bodhyamānaḥ bodham na upaiṣyati
asau svanāśāya eva jātaḥ tava nyāyyaḥ grāsaḥ bhavet

13. Anyone who, even when being instructed by you, does not attain understanding, is born only for their own destruction. Such a one would be a rightful prey for you.

Words meanings summery:

• बोध्यमानः (bodhyamānaḥ) - being taught, being instructed, being enlightened

• भवत्या (bhavatyā) - by you (feminine)

• अपि (api) - even, also, too, indeed

• यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever, which

• न (na) - not, no

• बोधम् (bodham) - understanding, knowledge, enlightenment

• उपैष्यति (upaiṣyati) - will attain, will approach, will reach

• स्वनाशाय (svanāśāya) - for one's own destruction, for self-ruin

• एव (eva) - only, just, indeed, precisely

• जातः (jātaḥ) - born, arisen, produced

• असौ (asau) - Referring to the person who does not attain understanding. (that one, he, she, it (remote demonstrative))

• न्याय्यः (nyāyyaḥ) - rightful, proper, just, reasonable

• ग्रासः (grāsaḥ) - Referring to a being that is destined to be consumed or defeated. (prey, food, mouthful, morsel)

• भवेत् (bhavet) - should be, may be, would be, it happens

• तव (tava) - your, of you

Words meanings and morphology

बोध्यमानः (bodhyamānaḥ) - being taught, being instructed, being enlightened

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bodhyamāna

bodhyamāna - being taught, being instructed, being enlightened

Present Passive Participle (Causative)

Derived from the causative stem of √budh (to know, perceive), meaning 'to cause to know' or 'to instruct'. The present passive participle form.

Root: budh (class 1)

भवत्या (bhavatyā) - by you (feminine)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of bhavatī

bhavatī - your grace, you (feminine polite address)

अपि (api) - even, also, too, indeed

(indeclinable)

यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who

Relative pronoun stem.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

बोधम् (bodham) - understanding, knowledge, enlightenment

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bodha

bodha - understanding, knowledge, awakening, enlightenment

Derived from √budh (to know, perceive).

Root: budh (class 1)

उपैष्यति (upaiṣyati) - will attain, will approach, will reach

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, future (ḷṛṭ) of upaiṣyati

Future tense

Future tense (ḷṛṭ) 3rd person singular active of √i (to go) with upasarga 'upa' (towards).

Prefix: upa

Root: i (class 2)

स्वनाशाय (svanāśāya) - for one's own destruction, for self-ruin

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of svanāśa

svanāśa - one's own destruction, self-ruin

Compound type : tatpurusha (sva+nāśa)

• sva – one's own, self
  pronoun
• nāśa – destruction, ruin, loss
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from √naś (to perish, be lost).
  Root: naś (class 4)

एव (eva) - only, just, indeed, precisely

(indeclinable)

जातः (jātaḥ) - born, arisen, produced

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jāta

jāta - born, produced, happened

Past Passive Participle

Derived from √jan (to be born, produce).

Root: jan (class 4)

असौ (asau) - Referring to the person who does not attain understanding. (that one, he, she, it (remote demonstrative))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adas

adas - that, yonder, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun stem, indicating something remote or less directly present.

न्याय्यः (nyāyyaḥ) - rightful, proper, just, reasonable

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nyāyya

nyāyya - rightful, proper, just, reasonable, customary

Gerundive/Niyogya

Derived from 'nyāya' (justice, rule, logic), meaning 'proper, according to rule'.

ग्रासः (grāsaḥ) - Referring to a being that is destined to be consumed or defeated. (prey, food, mouthful, morsel)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of grāsa

grāsa - prey, food, mouthful, bite, swallowing

Derived from √gras (to eat, devour).

Root: gras (class 1)

भवेत् (bhavet) - should be, may be, would be, it happens

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of bhavet

Optative mood

Optative (vidhi-liṅ) 3rd person singular active of √bhū (to be, to become).

Root: bhū (class 1)

तव (tava) - your, of you

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (singular, plural)

Second person pronoun stem.