वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-91, verse-9

हतेषु तेषु वीरेषु भरतः कैकयीसुतः ।
निवेशयामास तदा समृद्धे द्वे पुरोत्तमे ।
तक्षं तक्षशिलायां तु पुष्करं पुष्करावतौ ॥९॥

9. hateṣu teṣu vīreṣu bharataḥ kaikayīsutaḥ ,
niveśayāmāsa tadā samṛddhe dve purottame ,
takṣaṃ takṣaśilāyāṃ tu puṣkaraṃ puṣkarāvatau.

9. hateṣu teṣu vīreṣu bharataḥ
kaikeyīsutaḥ niveśayāmāsa tadā
samṛddhe dve purottame takṣam
takṣaśilāyām tu puṣkaram puṣkarāvati

9. tadā teṣu vīreṣu hateṣu kaikeyīsutaḥ bharataḥ takṣaśilāyām takṣam puṣkarāvati puṣkaram (ca) dve samṛddhe purottame niveśayāmāsa.

9. When those Gandharva heroes were slain, Bharata, the son of Kaikeyī, then established two excellent and prosperous cities. He designated Takṣa for Takṣaśilā and Puṣkara for Puṣkarāvatī.

Words meanings summery:

• हतेषु (hateṣu) - among those (Gandharva heroes) who had been slain (in the slain, among the killed)

• तेषु (teṣu) - among those (Gandharva heroes) (in them, among them, those)

• वीरेषु (vīreṣu) - among the Gandharva heroes (in heroes, among heroes)

• भरतः (bharataḥ) - Prince Bharata, Rama's brother (Bharata (name))

• कैकेयीसुतः (kaikeyīsutaḥ) - Bharata, as the son of Queen Kaikeyī (son of Kaikeyī)

• निवेशयामास (niveśayāmāsa) - Bharata established (he established, he founded)

• तदा (tadā) - at that time, after the battle (then, at that time)

• समृद्धे (samṛddhe) - two prosperous cities (prosperous, flourishing)

• द्वे (dve) - two cities (two)

• पुरोत्तमे (purottame) - two excellent cities (excellent cities, best of cities)

• तक्षम् (takṣam) - his son Takṣa (referring to Bharata's son) (Takṣa (name))

• तक्षशिलायाम् (takṣaśilāyām) - in the city of Takṣaśilā (in Takṣaśilā (name of a city/region))

• तु (tu) - and (introducing the second city) (but, indeed, and)

• पुष्करम् (puṣkaram) - his son Puṣkara (referring to Bharata's son) (Puṣkara (name))

• पुष्करावति (puṣkarāvati) - in the city of Puṣkarāvatī (in Puṣkarāvatī (name of a city/region))

Words meanings and morphology

हतेषु (hateṣu) - among those (Gandharva heroes) who had been slain (in the slain, among the killed)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, plural of hata

hata - slain, killed, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root han (to strike, kill)

Root: han (class 2)

Note: participle used adjectivally

तेषु (teṣu) - among those (Gandharva heroes) (in them, among them, those)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

वीरेषु (vīreṣu) - among the Gandharva heroes (in heroes, among heroes)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of vīra

vīra - hero, warrior, brave man

भरतः (bharataḥ) - Prince Bharata, Rama's brother (Bharata (name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bharata

bharata - Bharata (name of various individuals, especially a brother of Rama), one who is maintained or cherished

Root: bhṛ (class 3)

कैकेयीसुतः (kaikeyīsutaḥ) - Bharata, as the son of Queen Kaikeyī (son of Kaikeyī)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kaikeyīsuta

kaikeyīsuta - son of Kaikeyī

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kaikeyī+suta)

• kaikeyī – Kaikeyī (proper name of a queen)
  proper noun (feminine)
• suta – son
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root sū (to give birth)
  Root: sū (class 2)

निवेशयामास (niveśayāmāsa) - Bharata established (he established, he founded)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of niveśaya

Causal form + Perfect tense

From root viś (to enter) with prefix ni, in causal form (-śaya) and perfect tense (āmāsa).

Prefix: ni

Root: viś (class 6)

तदा (tadā) - at that time, after the battle (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

Note: temporal adverb

समृद्धे (samṛddhe) - two prosperous cities (prosperous, flourishing)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, dual of samṛddha

samṛddha - prosperous, flourishing, wealthy, complete

Past Passive Participle

From root ṛdh (to thrive) with prefix sam.

Prefix: sam

Root: ṛdh (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'purottame'

द्वे (dve) - two cities (two)

(numeral)

Note: Agrees with 'purottame'

पुरोत्तमे (purottame) - two excellent cities (excellent cities, best of cities)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, dual of purottama

purottama - excellent city, best city

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pura+uttama)

• pura – city, town
  noun (feminine)
• uttama – best, excellent, supreme
  adjective

तक्षम् (takṣam) - his son Takṣa (referring to Bharata's son) (Takṣa (name))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of takṣa

takṣa - Takṣa (proper name, also a carpenter or serpent demon)

Root: takṣ (class 1)

Note: Implied object of 'established' (made him ruler of).

तक्षशिलायाम् (takṣaśilāyām) - in the city of Takṣaśilā (in Takṣaśilā (name of a city/region))

(proper noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of takṣaśilā

takṣaśilā - Takṣaśilā (ancient city, Taxila)

तु (tu) - and (introducing the second city) (but, indeed, and)

(indeclinable)

पुष्करम् (puṣkaram) - his son Puṣkara (referring to Bharata's son) (Puṣkara (name))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of puṣkara

puṣkara - Puṣkara (proper name, also lotus, sky, water, a kind of drum)

Note: Implied object of 'established' (made him ruler of).

पुष्करावति (puṣkarāvati) - in the city of Puṣkarāvatī (in Puṣkarāvatī (name of a city/region))

(proper noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of puṣkarāvatī

puṣkarāvatī - Puṣkarāvatī (ancient city, Peshawar)