वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-91, verse-3

भरतश्च युधाजिच्च समेतौ लघुविक्रमौ ।
गन्धर्वनगरं प्राप्तौ सबलौ सपदानुगौ ॥३॥

3. bharataśca yudhājicca sametau laghuvikramau ,
gandharvanagaraṃ prāptau sabalau sapadānugau.

3. bharataḥ ca yudhājit ca sametau laghuvikramau
gandharvanagaram prāptau sabalau sapadānugau

3. bharataḥ ca yudhājit ca sametau laghuvikramau
sabalau sapadānugau gandharvanagaram prāptau

3. Bharata and Yudhājit, who were united and swift in valor, reached the city of the Gandharvas, accompanied by their forces and foot soldiers.

Words meanings summery:

• भरतः (bharataḥ) - Bharata (name of a king)

• च (ca) - and

• युधाजित् (yudhājit) - Yudhājit, Bharata's maternal uncle (Yudhājit (name of a king))

• च (ca) - and

• समेतौ (sametau) - together, united, met

• लघुविक्रमौ (laghuvikramau) - of swift valor/prowess

• गन्धर्वनगरम् (gandharvanagaram) - city of Gandharvas

• प्राप्तौ (prāptau) - reached, arrived

• सबलौ (sabalau) - with their armies/forces

• सपदानुगौ (sapadānugau) - with their infantry/followers

Words meanings and morphology

भरतः (bharataḥ) - Bharata (name of a king)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bharata

bharata - Bharata, a prominent character in Hindu mythology, particularly the Rāmāyaṇa, brother of Rāma

Root: bhṛ (class 1)

Note: Part of the dual subject.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'Bharata' and 'Yudhājit'.

युधाजित् (yudhājit) - Yudhājit, Bharata's maternal uncle (Yudhājit (name of a king))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhājit

yudhājit - Yudhājit, name of a king, brother of Kaikeyī

Compound type : tatpurusha (yudh+jit)

• yudh – fight, battle, war
  noun (feminine)
  Root: yudh (class 4)
• jit – conquering, victorious
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent Noun
  From root ji (to conquer).
  Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Part of the dual subject.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'Bharata' and 'Yudhājit'.

समेतौ (sametau) - together, united, met

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of sameta

sameta - come together, met, united

Past Passive Participle

From sam-i (to come together).

Prefix: sam

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Qualifies Bharata and Yudhājit.

लघुविक्रमौ (laghuvikramau) - of swift valor/prowess

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of laghuvikrama

laghuvikrama - swift in valor, quick in action or prowess

Bahuvrihi compound: 'whose valor is swift'.

Compound type : bahuvrihi (laghu+vikrama)

• laghu – swift, quick, light, agile
  adjective (masculine)
• vikrama – valor, prowess, might, courage
  noun (masculine)
  From vi-kram (to step forth, be valiant).
  Prefix: vi
  Root: kram (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Bharata and Yudhājit.

गन्धर्वनगरम् (gandharvanagaram) - city of Gandharvas

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of gandharvanagara

gandharvanagara - city or town belonging to the Gandharvas

Compound type : tatpurusha (gandharva+nagara)

• gandharva – celestial musician, a class of semi-divine beings
  noun (masculine)
• nagara – city, town
  noun (neuter)

Note: Direct object of 'prāptau'.

प्राप्तौ (prāptau) - reached, arrived

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of prāpta

prāpta - reached, obtained, arrived

Past Passive Participle

From pra-āp.

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Agrees with Bharata and Yudhājit.

सबलौ (sabalau) - with their armies/forces

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of sabala

sabala - with an army, accompanied by forces

Bahuvrihi compound: 'accompanied by an army'. Prefix sa- (with) + bala (force).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sa+bala)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
  Prefix meaning 'with'.
• bala – strength, power, force, army
  noun (neuter)
  Root: bal (class 10)

Note: Qualifies Bharata and Yudhājit.

सपदानुगौ (sapadānugau) - with their infantry/followers

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of sapadānuga

sapadānuga - with foot-soldiers, accompanied by followers

Bahuvrihi compound: 'accompanied by foot-soldiers'. Prefix sa- (with) + padānuga (follower on foot).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sa+padānuga)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
  Prefix meaning 'with'.
• padānuga – follower, attendant, foot-soldier
  noun (masculine)
  From pada (foot) + anuga (following).
  Prefix: anu
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Bharata and Yudhājit.