वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-101, verse-3

निभृतः प्रणतः प्रह्वः सो ऽभिगम्याभिवाद्य च ।
रामस्य वचनं सर्वमाख्यातुमुपचक्रमे ॥३॥

3. nibhṛtaḥ praṇataḥ prahvaḥ so'bhigamyābhivādya ca ,
rāmasya vacanaṃ sarvamākhyātumupacakrame.

3. nibhṛtaḥ praṇataḥ prahvaḥ saḥ abhigamya abhivādya
ca rāmasya vacanam sarvam ākhyātum upacakrame

3. saḥ nibhṛtaḥ praṇataḥ prahvaḥ ca abhigamya
abhivādya rāmasya sarvam vacanam ākhyātum upacakrame

3. Humbly and reverently bowing down, he approached [Rama], greeted him, and then began to relate Rama's entire message.

Words meanings summery:

• निभृतः (nibhṛtaḥ) - humble, modest, quiet, subdued

• प्रणतः (praṇataḥ) - bowed, bent, humble, submissive

• प्रह्वः (prahvaḥ) - bowing, submissive, modest

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• अभिगम्य (abhigamya) - having approached, after approaching

• अभिवाद्य (abhivādya) - having greeted, after saluting

• च (ca) - and

• रामस्य (rāmasya) - of Rama

• वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech, message

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, entire

• आख्यातुम् (ākhyātum) - to narrate, to relate

• उपचक्रमे (upacakrame) - he began

Words meanings and morphology

निभृतः (nibhṛtaḥ) - humble, modest, quiet, subdued

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nibhṛta

nibhṛta - humble, modest, quiet, subdued, secret

Past Passive Participle

From ni- + √bhṛ (to bear, carry) + kta (suffix for PPP). 'Well-borne', hence 'modest, controlled'.

Prefix: ni

Root: bhṛ (class 3)

प्रणतः (praṇataḥ) - bowed, bent, humble, submissive

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of praṇata

praṇata - bowed, bent, saluted, humble, submissive

Past Passive Participle

From pra- + √nam (to bow, bend) + kta (suffix for PPP).

Prefix: pra

Root: nam (class 1)

प्रह्वः (prahvaḥ) - bowing, submissive, modest

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prahva

prahva - bent, bowed, submissive, humble

From pra- + √hvā (to call) or related to √hnu (to bend, stoop). Often used as 'bowed'.

Prefix: pra

Root: hvā (class 1)

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अभिगम्य (abhigamya) - having approached, after approaching

(indeclinable)

Gerund (absolutive)

From abhi- + √gam (to go) + ya (suffix for gerund).

Prefix: abhi

Root: gam (class 1)

अभिवाद्य (abhivādya) - having greeted, after saluting

(indeclinable)

Gerund (absolutive)

From abhi- + √vad (to speak) + ya (suffix for gerund).

Prefix: abhi

Root: vad (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

रामस्य (rāmasya) - of Rama

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama (name of a king, incarnation of Vishnu)

वचनम् (vacanam) - word, speech, message

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - speech, word, message, saying

From √vac (to speak) + ana (suffix).

Root: vac (class 2)

सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, entire

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

Note: Agrees with 'vacanam'.

आख्यातुम् (ākhyātum) - to narrate, to relate

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

From ā- + √khyā (to tell, relate) + tum (suffix for infinitive).

Prefix: ā

Root: khyā (class 2)

उपचक्रमे (upacakrame) - he began

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (Lit) of upakram

Perfect Tense (ātmanepada)

From upa- + √kram (to step, go). Perfect tense, 3rd person singular, middle voice.

Prefix: upa

Root: kram (class 1)

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